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We introduce a simple, practical approach with probabilistic information-theoretic security to mitigate one of quantum key distribution's major limitations: the short maximum transmission distance (~200 km) possible with present day…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-23 Travis R. Beals , Barry C. Sanders

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables the generation of secure keys between two distant users. Security proof of QKD against general coherent attacks is challenging, while the one against collective attacks is much easier. As an effective…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-01 Yang-Guang Shan , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Shuang Wang , Wei Chen , De-Yong He , Guang-Can Guo , Zheng-Fu Han

Device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) represents a relaxation of the security assumptions made in usual quantum key distribution (QKD). As in usual QKD, the security of DIQKD follows from the laws of quantum physics, but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-04-30 Stefano Pironio , Antonio Acin , Nicolas Brunner , Nicolas Gisin , Serge Massar , Valerio Scarani

Secure communication makes the widespread use of telecommunication networks and services possible. With the constant progress of computing and mathematics, new cryptographic methods are being diligently developed. Quantum Key Distribution…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Emir Dervisevic , Amina Tankovic , Ehsan Fazel , Ramana Kompella , Peppino Fazio , Miroslav Voznak , Miralem Mehic

Quantum key distribution (QKD) can provide secure key material between two parties without relying on assumptions about the computational power of an eavesdropper. QKD is performed over quantum links and quantum networks, systems which are…

In this paper, a novel hybrid protocol for semiquantum key distribution (SQKD) and semiquantum secret sharing (SQSS) was constructed by using GHZ-like states. This protocol is capable of establishing two different private keys between one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-17 Tian-Yu Ye , Xiao Tan

The accelerating digitalization and decentralization of modern power systems expose critical communication infrastructures to escalating cyber risks, particularly under emerging quantum computing threats. This paper presents an integrated…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-20 Ziqing Zhu

Twin-field (TF) quantum key distribution (QKD) was conjectured to beat the private capacity of a point-to-point QKD link by using single-photon interference in a central measuring station. This remarkable conjecture has recently triggered…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-14 Marcos Curty , Koji Azuma , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Although quantum key distribution (QKD) is theoretically secure, there is a gap between the theory and practice. In fact, real-life QKD may not be secure because component devices in QKD systems may deviate from the theoretical models…

While measurement-device-independent (MDI) quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two trusted parties to establish a shared secret key from a distance without needing to trust a central detection node, their quantum sources must be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-04 J. Eli Bourassa , Amita Gnanapandithan , Li Qian , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is the most widely studied quantum cryptographic model that exploits quantum effects to achieve information-theoretically secure key establishment. Conventional QKD contains public classical post-processing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-07 Zixuan Hu , Zhenyu Li

Digital signal processing technology has paved the way for the realization of high-speed continuous-variable quantum key distribution systems. However, existing security proofs are limited to static digital signal processing algorithms,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-06 Lu Fan , Zhengyu Li , Sheng Liu , Xuesong Xu , Tianyu Zhang , Jiale Mi , Dong Wang , Dechao Zhang , Han Li , Song Yu , Yichen Zhang

In this paper, we design a new quantum key distribution protocol, allowing two limited semi-quantum or "classical" users to establish a shared secret key with the help of a fully quantum server. A semi-quantum user can only prepare and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 Walter O. Krawec

Quantum key distribution (QKD) establishes secure links between remote communication parties. As a key problem for various QKD protocols, security analysis gives the amount of secure keys regardless of the eavesdropper's computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-26 Hongyi Zhou , Toshihiko Sasaki , Masato Koashi

The mediated semi-quantum key distribution (MSQKD) protocol is an important research issue that lets two classical participants share secret keys securely between each other with the help of a third party (TP). However, in the existing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-03 Chia-Wei Tsai , Chun-Wei Yang

In theory, quantum key distribution (QKD) provides unconditional security; however, its practical implementations are susceptible to exploitable vulnerabilities. This investigation tackles the constraints in practical QKD implementations…

The security of measurement device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI QKD) relies on a thorough characterization of one's optical source output, especially any noise in the state preparation process. Here, we provide an extension of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 J. Eli Bourassa , Ignatius William Primaatmaja , Charles Ci Wen Lim , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Numerical security proofs offer a versatile approach for evaluating the secret-key generation rate of quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols. However, existing methods typically require perfect source characterization, which is…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a key application in quantum communication, enabling secure key exchange between parties using quantum states. Twin-field (TF) QKD offers a promising solution that surpasses the repeaterless limits, and its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-28 Chunfeng Huang , Rui Guan , Xin Liu , Wenjie He , Shizhuo Li , Hao Liang , Ziyang Luo , Zhenrong Zhang , Wei Li , Kejin Wei

Quantum key distribution (QKD) offers an unconditionally secure means of communication based on the laws of quantum mechanics. Currently, a major challenge is to achieve a QKD system with a 40 dB channel loss, which is required if we are to…

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