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Related papers: Topological Orders in (4+1)-Dimensions

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We consider (4+1)-dimensional topologically massive tensor gauge theory. This theory is an analog of the (2+1)-dimensional topologically massive Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory. If the space has a boundary, we find that a (3+1)-dimensional…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-03-23 Satoshi Yamaguchi

We investigate (3+1)d topological orders in fermionic systems with an anomalous $\mathbb{Z}_{2N}^{\mathrm{F}}$ symmetry, where its $\mathbb{Z}_2^{\mathrm{F}}$ subgroup is the fermion parity. Such an anomalous symmetry arises as the discrete…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-03-09 Meng Cheng , Juven Wang , Xinping Yang

We axiomatize the extended operators in topological orders (possibly gravitationally anomalous, possibly with degenerate ground states) in terms of monoidal Karoubi-complete $n$-categories which are mildly dualizable and have trivial…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2022-06-15 Theo Johnson-Freyd

Gravitational anomalies can be realized on the boundary of topologically ordered states in one higher dimension and are described by topological orders in one higher dimension. In this paper, we try to develop a general theory for both…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2014-05-23 Liang Kong , Xiao-Gang Wen

We elaborate an algebraic framework for describing internal topological symmetries of gapped boundaries of (2+1)D topological orders. We present a categorical obstruction to the coherence of bulk group symmetry and boundary symmetries in…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2024-08-21 Kylan Schatz

We develop a systematic framework for constructing (3+1)-dimensional topological orders or topological quantum field theories (TQFTs) that realize specified anomalies of finite symmetries, as encountered in gauge theories with fermions or…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Arun Debray , Weicheng Ye , Matthew Yu

There is exactly one bosonic (3+1)-dimensional topological order whose only nontrivial particle is an emergent boson: pure $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge theory. There are exactly two (3+1)-dimensional topological orders whose only nontrivial…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2020-11-24 Theo Johnson-Freyd

We use a 2-categorical version of (de-)equivariantization to classify (3+1)d topological orders with a finite $G$-symmetry. In particular, we argue that (3+1)d fermionic topological order with $G$-symmetry correspond to…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-09-18 Thibault D. Décoppet , Matthew Yu

$2+1$D bosonic topological orders can be characterized by the $S,T$ matrices that encode the statistics of topological excitations. In particular, the $S,T$ matrices can be used to systematically obtain the gapped boundaries of bosonic…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-04-15 Chang-Han Chen , Xiao-Gang Wen

The string-net approach by Levin and Wen, and the local unitary transformation approach by Chen, Gu, and Wen, provide ways to classify topological orders with gappable edge in 2D bosonic systems. The two approaches reveal that the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-04-08 Zheng-Cheng Gu , Zhenghan Wang , Xiao-Gang Wen

Topological orders are new phases of matter beyond Landau symmetry breaking. They correspond to patterns of long-range entanglement. In recent years, it was shown that in 1+1D bosonic systems there is no nontrivial topological order, while…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-06-27 Tian Lan , Liang Kong , Xiao-Gang Wen

In this paper we classify all 4+1 cosmological models where the spatial hypersurfaces are connected and simply connected homogeneous Riemannian manifolds. These models come in two categories, multiply transitive and simply transitive…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Sigbjorn Hervik

We develop a systematic framework for understanding symmetries in topological phases in 2+1 dimensions using the string-net model, encompassing both gauge symmetries that preserve anyon species and global symmetries permuting anyon species,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-12-01 Yu Zhao , Yidun Wan

We prove sufficient conditions for Topological Quantum Order at both zero and finite temperatures. The crux of the proof hinges on the existence of low-dimensional Gauge-Like Symmetries (that notably extend and differ from standard local…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2014-10-24 Zohar Nussinov , Gerardo Ortiz

We obtain an ordering of closed aspherical 4-manifolds that carry a non-hyperbolic Thurston geometry. As application, we derive that the Kodaira dimension of geometric 4-manifolds is monotone with respect to the existence of maps of…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2019-09-09 Christoforos Neofytidis

A 2+1-dimensional topological quantum field theory (TQFT) may or may not admit topological (gapped) boundary conditions. A famous necessary, but not sufficient, condition for the existence of a topological boundary condition is that the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-09-28 Justin Kaidi , Zohar Komargodski , Kantaro Ohmori , Sahand Seifnashri , Shu-Heng Shao

Gapped domain walls, as topological line defects between 2+1D topologically ordered states, are examined. We provide simple criteria to determine the existence of gapped domain walls, which apply to both Abelian and non-Abelian topological…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-01-08 Tian Lan , Juven Wang , Xiao-Gang Wen

Given a gapped boundary of a (3+1)d topological order (TO), one can stack on it a decoupled (2+1)d TO to get another boundary theory. Should one view these two boundaries as "different"? A natural choice would be no. Different classes of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-04-12 Zhu-Xi Luo

(2+1)D topological orders possess emergent symmetries given by a group $\text{Aut}(\mathcal{C})$, which consists of the braided tensor autoequivalences of the modular tensor category $\mathcal{C}$ that describes the anyons. In this paper we…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-03-26 Ryohei Kobayashi , Maissam Barkeshli

We discuss (2+1)-dimensional gapless surface theories of bulk (3+1)-dimensional topological phases, such as the BF theory at level $\mathrm{K}$, and its generalization. In particular, we put these theories on a flat (2+1) dimensional torus…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2016-07-27 Xiao Chen , Apoorv Tiwari , Shinsei Ryu
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