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Algorithmic systems such as search engines and information retrieval platforms significantly influence academic visibility and the dissemination of knowledge. Despite assumptions of neutrality, these systems can reproduce or reinforce…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Stefanie Urchs , Veronika Thurner , Matthias Aßenmacher , Ludwig Bothmann , Christian Heumann , Stephanie Thiemichen

In traditional decision making processes, social biases of human decision makers can lead to unequal economic outcomes for underrepresented social groups, such as women, racial or ethnic minorities. Recently, the increasing popularity of…

General Economics · Economics 2024-03-25 Jiafu An , Difang Huang , Chen Lin , Mingzhu Tai

Targeted advertising remains an important part of the free web browsing experience, where advertisers' targeting and personalization algorithms together find the most relevant audience for millions of ads every day. However, given the wide…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Muhammad Ali , Angelica Goetzen , Alan Mislove , Elissa M. Redmiles , Piotr Sapiezynski

Artificial Intelligence has the capacity to amplify and perpetuate societal biases and presents profound ethical implications for society. Gender bias has been identified in the context of employment advertising and recruitment tools, due…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Susan Leavy , Gerardine Meaney , Karen Wade , Derek Greene

In an era where AI-driven hiring is transforming recruitment practices, concerns about fairness and bias have become increasingly important. To explore these issues, we introduce a benchmark, FAIRE (Fairness Assessment In Resume…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Athena Wen , Tanush Patil , Ansh Saxena , Yicheng Fu , Sean O'Brien , Kevin Zhu

By filtering the content that users see, social media platforms have the ability to influence users' perceptions and decisions, from their dining choices to their voting preferences. This influence has drawn scrutiny, with many calling for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Sarah H. Cen , Devavrat Shah

A Google search for a person's name, such as "Trevon Jones", may yield a personalized ad for public records about Trevon that may be neutral, such as "Looking for Trevon Jones?", or may be suggestive of an arrest record, such as "Trevon…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2013-01-30 Latanya Sweeney

Interactions between bids to show ads online can lead to an advertiser's ad being shown to more men than women even when the advertiser does not target towards men. We design bidding strategies that advertisers can use to avoid such…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-09-06 Milad Nasr , Michael Tschantz

The use of large language models (LLMs) in hiring promises to streamline candidate screening, but it also raises serious concerns regarding accuracy and algorithmic bias where sufficient safeguards are not in place. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Eitan Anzenberg , Arunava Samajpati , Sivasankaran Chandrasekar , Varun Kacholia

The proliferation of personalized recommendation technologies has raised concerns about discrepancies in their recommendation performance across different genders, age groups, and racial or ethnic populations. This varying degree of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Masoud Mansoury , Himan Abdollahpouri , Jessie Smith , Arman Dehpanah , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Bamshad Mobasher

Digital discrimination is a form of discrimination whereby users are automatically treated unfairly, unethically or just differently based on their personal data by a machine learning (ML) system. Examples of digital discrimination include…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Natalia Criado , Xavier Ferrer , Jose M. Such

We investigate the level of success a firm achieves depending on which of two common scoring algorithms is used to screen qualified applicants belonging to a disadvantaged group. Both algorithms are trained on data generated by a prejudiced…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-07-18 David J. Jin

To partly address people's concerns over web tracking, Google has created the Ad Settings webpage to provide information about and some choice over the profiles Google creates on users. We present AdFisher, an automated tool that explores…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-03-18 Amit Datta , Michael Carl Tschantz , Anupam Datta

Algorithmic hiring has become increasingly necessary in some sectors as it promises to deal with hundreds or even thousands of applicants. At the heart of these systems are algorithms designed to retrieve and rank candidate profiles, which…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Jorge Saldivar , Anna Gatzioura , Carlos Castillo

Although systematic biases in decision-making are widely documented, the ways in which they emerge from different sources is less understood. We present a controlled experimental platform to study gender bias in hiring by decoupling the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Andi Peng , Besmira Nushi , Emre Kiciman , Kori Inkpen , Siddharth Suri , Ece Kamar

Algorithmic decision-making and similar types of artificial intelligence (AI) may lead to improvements in all sectors of society, but can also have discriminatory effects. While current non-discrimination law offers people some protection,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Janneke Gerards , Frederik Zuiderveen Borgesius

The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in hiring has led to legislative actions to protect vulnerable demographic groups. This paper presents a novel framework for benchmarking hierarchical gender hiring bias in Large Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Ze Wang , Zekun Wu , Xin Guan , Michael Thaler , Adriano Koshiyama , Skylar Lu , Sachin Beepath , Ediz Ertekin , Maria Perez-Ortiz

This study delves into gender classification systems, shedding light on the interaction between social stereotypes and algorithmic determinations. Drawing on the "averageness theory," which suggests a relationship between a face's…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Miriam Doh , Anastasia Karagianni

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer the potential to automate hiring by matching job descriptions with candidate resumes, streamlining recruitment processes, and reducing operational costs. However, biases inherent in these models may lead…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Hayate Iso , Pouya Pezeshkpour , Nikita Bhutani , Estevam Hruschka

We conducted a large-scale resume audit of 36,880 applications to 9,220 job advertisements for new college graduates across the United States. Firms express task preferences through job-advertisement text, which we link to occupation-level…