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We investigate a lattice LSTM network for Chinese word segmentation (CWS) to utilize words or subwords. It integrates the character sequence features with all subsequences information matched from a lexicon. The matched subsequences serve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-31 Jie Yang , Yue Zhang , Shuailong Liang

The performance of Neural Machine Translation (NMT) systems often suffers in low-resource scenarios where sufficiently large-scale parallel corpora cannot be obtained. Pre-trained word embeddings have proven to be invaluable for improving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-19 Ye Qi , Devendra Singh Sachan , Matthieu Felix , Sarguna Janani Padmanabhan , Graham Neubig

In this paper, we propose a joint algorithm for the word segmentation on Chinese social media. Previous work mainly focus on word segmentation for plain Chinese text, in order to develop a Chinese social media processing tool, we need to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-10-27 Yao Yushi , Huang Zheng

Recently, the development and progress of Large Language Models (LLMs) have amazed the entire Artificial Intelligence community. Benefiting from their emergent abilities, LLMs have attracted more and more researchers to study their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Yinghui Li , Haojing Huang , Shirong Ma , Yong Jiang , Yangning Li , Feng Zhou , Hai-Tao Zheng , Qingyu Zhou

We introduce a multi-level analysis framework for examining semantic geometry in multilingual embeddings, implemented through Semanscope (a visualization tool that applies PHATE manifold learning across four linguistic levels). Analysis of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Wen G Gong

Pre-trained computational language models have recently made remarkable progress in harnessing the language abilities which were considered unique to humans. Their success has raised interest in whether these models represent and process…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Yunhao Zhang , Xiaohan Zhang , Chong Li , Shaonan Wang , Chengqing Zong

Multi-word expressions (MWEs) are a hot topic in research in natural language processing (NLP), including topics such as MWE detection, MWE decomposition, and research investigating the exploitation of MWEs in other NLP fields such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Lifeng Han , Gareth J. F. Jones , Alan F. Smeaton

Neural machine translation (NMT) models are typically trained with fixed-size input and output vocabularies, which creates an important bottleneck on their accuracy and generalization capability. As a solution, various studies proposed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Duygu Ataman , Marcello Federico

Neural language models learn word representations, or embeddings, that capture rich linguistic and conceptual information. Here we investigate the embeddings learned by neural machine translation models, a recently-developed class of neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-04-06 Felix Hill , Kyunghyun Cho , Sebastien Jean , Coline Devin , Yoshua Bengio

Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) has shown marvelous improvements across various NLP tasks, and consecutive variants have been proposed to further improve the performance of the pre-trained language models. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Yiming Cui , Wanxiang Che , Ting Liu , Bing Qin , Shijin Wang , Guoping Hu

We present a simple yet elegant solution to train a single joint model on multi-criteria corpora for Chinese Word Segmentation (CWS). Our novel design requires no private layers in model architecture, instead, introduces two artificial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-01-08 Han He , Lei Wu , Hua Yan , Zhimin Gao , Yi Feng , George Townsend

Word embeddings -- distributed representations of words -- in deep learning are beneficial for many tasks in natural language processing (NLP). However, different embedding sets vary greatly in quality and characteristics of the captured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-12-31 Wenpeng Yin , Hinrich Schütze

The widespread use of pre-trained language models (PLMs) in natural language processing (NLP) has greatly improved performance outcomes. However, these models' vulnerability to adversarial attacks (e.g., camouflaged hints from drug…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Zi Xiong , Lizhi Qing , Yangyang Kang , Jiawei Liu , Hongsong Li , Changlong Sun , Xiaozhong Liu , Wei Lu

In recent years, deep learning has achieved significant success in the Chinese word segmentation (CWS) task. Most of these methods improve the performance of CWS by leveraging external information, e.g., words, sub-words, syntax. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Xuemei Tang , Jun Wang , Qi Su

In this paper, we improve Chinese spoken language understanding (SLU) by injecting word information. Previous studies on Chinese SLU do not consider the word information, failing to detect word boundaries that are beneficial for intent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Dechuan Teng , Libo Qin , Wanxiang Che , Sendong Zhao , Ting Liu

Pretrained character-level and byte-level language models have been shown to be competitive with popular subword models across a range of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, there has been little research on their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Lukas Edman , Gabriele Sarti , Antonio Toral , Gertjan van Noord , Arianna Bisazza

For analysing and/or understanding languages having no word boundaries based on morphological analysis such as Japanese, Chinese, and Thai, it is desirable to perform appropriate word segmentation before word embeddings. But it is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-24 Shunsuke Kitada , Ryunosuke Kotani , Hitoshi Iyatomi

In Multimodal Neural Machine Translation (MNMT), a neural model generates a translated sentence that describes an image, given the image itself and one source descriptions in English. This is considered as the multimodal image caption…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-01 Jean-Benoit Delbrouck , Stéphane Dupont , Omar Seddati

Comprehension of ancient texts plays an important role in archaeology and understanding of Chinese history and civilization. The rapid development of large language models needs benchmarks that can evaluate their comprehension of ancient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Zhihan Zhou , Daqian Shi , Rui Song , Lida Shi , Xiaolei Diao , Hao Xu

Humans can decompose Chinese characters into compositional components and recombine them to recognize unseen characters. This reflects two cognitive principles: Compositionality, the idea that complex concepts are built on simpler parts;…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Fan Shi , Haiyang Yu , Bin Li , Xiangyang Xue