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End-to-end models for robust automatic speech recognition (ASR) have not been sufficiently well-explored in prior work. With end-to-end models, one could choose to preprocess the input speech using speech enhancement techniques and train…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-15 Archiki Prasad , Preethi Jyothi , Rajbabu Velmurugan

RNN-Transducers (RNN-Ts) have gained widespread acceptance as an end-to-end model for speech to text conversion because of their high accuracy and streaming capabilities. A typical RNN-T independently encodes the input audio and the text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Vinit S. Unni , Ashish Mittal , Preethi Jyothi , Sunita Sarawagi

This paper presents recent progress on integrating speech separation and enhancement (SSE) into the ESPnet toolkit. Compared with the previous ESPnet-SE work, numerous features have been added, including recent state-of-the-art speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-21 Yen-Ju Lu , Xuankai Chang , Chenda Li , Wangyou Zhang , Samuele Cornell , Zhaoheng Ni , Yoshiki Masuyama , Brian Yan , Robin Scheibler , Zhong-Qiu Wang , Yu Tsao , Yanmin Qian , Shinji Watanabe

There has been great progress in improving streaming machine translation, a simultaneous paradigm where the system appends to a growing hypothesis as more source content becomes available. We study a related problem in which revisions to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Naveen Arivazhagan , Colin Cherry , Wolfgang Macherey , George Foster

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) can be used to generate fluent output. As such, language models have been investigated for incorporation with NMT. In prior investigations, two models have been used: a translation model and a language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-12 Michiki Kurosawa , Mamoru Komachi

Integrating external language models (LMs) into end-to-end (E2E) models remains a challenging task for domain-adaptive speech recognition. Recently, internal language model estimation (ILME)-based LM fusion has shown significant word error…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-07 Zhong Meng , Yu Wu , Naoyuki Kanda , Liang Lu , Xie Chen , Guoli Ye , Eric Sun , Jinyu Li , Yifan Gong

Neural machine translation (NMT) systems require large amounts of high quality in-domain parallel corpora for training. State-of-the-art NMT systems still face challenges related to out-of-vocabulary words and dealing with low-resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-18 Jetic Gū , Hassan S. Shavarani , Anoop Sarkar

Streaming voice conversion has become increasingly popular for its potential in real-time applications. The recently proposed DualVC 2 has achieved robust and high-quality streaming voice conversion with a latency of about 180ms.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-13 Ziqian Ning , Shuai Wang , Pengcheng Zhu , Zhichao Wang , Jixun Yao , Lei Xie , Mengxiao Bi

Speech-to-text (S2T) summarization is a time-saving technique for filtering and keeping up with the broadcast news uploaded online on a daily basis. The rise of large language models from deep learning with impressive text generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Raul Monteiro , Diogo Pernes

End-to-end Spoken Language Understanding (E2E SLU) has attracted increasing interest due to its advantages of joint optimization and low latency when compared to traditionally cascaded pipelines. Existing E2E SLU models usually follow a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Xuandi Fu , Feng-Ju Chang , Martin Radfar , Kai Wei , Jing Liu , Grant P. Strimel , Kanthashree Mysore Sathyendra

Recently, the end-to-end approach has been successfully applied to multi-speaker speech separation and recognition in both single-channel and multichannel conditions. However, severe performance degradation is still observed in the…

The goal of this work is to synchronise audio and video of a talking face using deep neural network models. Existing works have trained networks on proxy tasks such as cross-modal similarity learning, and then computed similarities between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-22 You Jin Kim , Hee Soo Heo , Soo-Whan Chung , Bong-Jin Lee

Prior work on Sign Language Translation has shown that having a mid-level sign gloss representation (effectively recognizing the individual signs) improves the translation performance drastically. In fact, the current state-of-the-art in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-02 Necati Cihan Camgoz , Oscar Koller , Simon Hadfield , Richard Bowden

The goal of spoken language understanding (SLU) systems is to determine the meaning of the input speech signal, unlike speech recognition which aims to produce verbatim transcripts. Advances in end-to-end (E2E) speech modeling have made it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Hong-Kwang J. Kuo , Zoltan Tuske , Samuel Thomas , Brian Kingsbury , George Saon

Speech enhancement is a demanding task in automated speech processing pipelines, focusing on separating clean speech from noisy channels. Transformer based models have recently bested RNN and CNN models in speech enhancement, however at the…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Jinyu Long , Jetic Gū , Binhao Bai , Zhibo Yang , Ping Wei , Junli Li

While end-to-end Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) models have shown impressive performance in transcribing general speech, they often struggle to accurately recognize contextually relevant keywords, such as proper nouns or user-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Shilin Zhou , Zhenghua Li

End-to-end (E2E) spoken language understanding (SLU) systems that generate a semantic parse from speech have become more promising recently. This approach uses a single model that utilizes audio and text representations from pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Suyoun Kim , Akshat Shrivastava , Duc Le , Ju Lin , Ozlem Kalinli , Michael L. Seltzer

Incorporating speech understanding capabilities into pretrained large-language models has become a vital research direction (SpeechLLM). The previous architectures can be categorized as: i) GPT-style, prepend speech prompts to the text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Zhehuai Chen , He Huang , Oleksii Hrinchuk , Krishna C. Puvvada , Nithin Rao Koluguri , Piotr Żelasko , Jagadeesh Balam , Boris Ginsburg

The unified streaming and non-streaming two-pass (U2) end-to-end model for speech recognition has shown great performance in terms of streaming capability, accuracy, real-time factor (RTF), and latency. In this paper, we present U2++, an…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Di Wu , Binbin Zhang , Chao Yang , Zhendong Peng , Wenjing Xia , Xiaoyu Chen , Xin Lei

This paper describes ESPnet2-TTS, an end-to-end text-to-speech (E2E-TTS) toolkit. ESPnet2-TTS extends our earlier version, ESPnet-TTS, by adding many new features, including: on-the-fly flexible pre-processing, joint training with neural…