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The pop-stack-sorting process is a variation of the stack-sort process. We consider a deterministic version of this process, and provide a new lower bound of $\frac{3}{5}n$ for the number of sorts to fully sort a uniformly randomly chosen…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-26 Morgan Bauer , Keith Copenhaver

The circular peak set of a permutation $\sigma$ is the set $\{\sigma(i)\mid \sigma(i-1)<\sigma(i)>\sigma(i+1)\}$. In this paper, we focus on the enumeration problems for permutations by circular peak sets. Let $cp_n(S)$ denote the number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-06-05 Pierre Bouchard , Hungyung Chang , Jun Ma , Jean Yeh

Motivated by a problem in quantum field theory, we study the up and down structure of circular and linear permutations. In particular, we count the length of the (alternating) runs of permutations by representing them as monomials and find…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-10-31 Christopher J. Fewster , Daniel Siemssen

Perfect sorting by reversals, a problem originating in computational genomics, is the process of sorting a signed permutation to either the identity or to the reversed identity permutation, by a sequence of reversals that do not break any…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-01-05 Mathilde Bouvel , Cedric Chauve , Marni Mishna , Dominique Rossin

Previous compact representations of permutations have focused on adding a small index on top of the plain data $<\pi(1), \pi(2),...\pi(n)>$, in order to efficiently support the application of the inverse or the iterated permutation. In this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-08-23 Jérémy Barbay , Gonzalo Navarro

Given a permutation $\sigma$, its corresponding binary search tree is obtained by recursively inserting the values $\sigma(1),\ldots,\sigma(n)$ into a binary tree so that the label of each node is larger than the labels of its left subtree…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-13 Benoît Corsini

We define a new statistic $\mathsf{sor}$ on the set of colored permutations $\mathsf{G}_{r,n}$ and prove that it has the same distribution as the length function. For the set of restricted colored permutations corresponding to the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-10-08 Sen-Peng Eu , Yuan-Hsun Lo , Tsai-Lien Wong

We consider the number of passes a permutation needs to take through a stack if we only pop the appropriate output values and start over with the remaining entries in their original order. We define a permutation $\pi$ to be $k$-pass…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-03 Toufik Mansour , Howard Skogman , Rebecca Smith

We use a method for determining the number of preimages of any permutation under the stack-sorting map in order to obtain recursive upper bounds for the numbers $W_t(n)$ and $W_t(n,k)$ of $t$-stack sortable permutations of length $n$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-05 Colin Defant

In this paper, we consider the number of occurrences of descents, ascents, 123-subwords, 321-subwords, peaks and valleys in flattened permutations, which were recently introduced by Callan in his study of finite set partitions. For descents…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-07-16 Toufik Mansour , Mark Shattuck , David G. L. Wang

Recently, Kitaev and Remmel [Classifying descents according to parity, Annals of Combinatorics, to appear 2007] refined the well-known permutation statistic ``descent'' by fixing parity of one of the descent's numbers. Results in that paper…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Sergey Kitaev , Toufik Mansour , Jeffrey B. Remmel

We recover Gessel's determinantal formula for the generating function of permutations with no ascending subsequence of length m+1. The starting point of our proof is the recursive construction of these permutations by insertion of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-26 Mireille Bousquet-Mélou

Initiated by Davis, Nelson, Petersen and Tenner (2018), the enumerative study of pinnacle sets of permutations has attracted a fair amount of attention recently. In this article, we provide a recurrence that can be used to compute…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Wenjie Fang

We introduce Sequential Probability Ratio Bisection (SPRB), a novel stochastic approximation algorithm that adapts to the local behavior of the (regression) function of interest around its root. We establish theoretical guarantees for…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-26 Yue Yu , Moulinath Banerjee , Ya'acov Ritov

A sequence of reversals that takes a signed permutation to the identity is perfect if at no step a common interval is broken. Determining a parsimonious perfect sequence of reversals that sorts a signed permutation is NP-hard. Here we show…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-05-18 Mathilde Bouvel , Cedric Chauve , Marni Mishna , Dominique Rossin

We show that there is a bijection between real-linear automorphisms of the multicomplex numbers of order $n$ and signed permutations of length $2^{n-1}$. This allows us to deduce a number of results on the multicomplex numbers, including a…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2022-11-28 Nicolas Doyon , Pierre-Olivier Parisé , William Verreault

We describe an algorithm, implemented in Python, which can enumerate any permutation class with polynomial enumeration from a structural description of the class. In particular, this allows us to find formulas for the number of permutations…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-11-17 Cheyne Homberger , Vince Vatter

An ascent sequence is one consisting of non-negative integers in which the size of each letter is restricted by the number of ascents preceding it in the sequence. Ascent sequences have recently been shown to be related to (2+2)-free posets…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-07-17 Toufik Mansour , Mark Shattuck

The generating polynomial of permutations of size $n$, counted by the number of alternating runs, has a root at $-1$ of multiplicity $\lfloor (n-2)/2 \rfloor$ for all $n \ge 2$. This result can be derived by combining the David--Barton…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Qiongqiong Pan , Yunze Wang , Jiang Zeng

Defant and Zheng introduced a consecutive-pattern-avoiding stack sort map $SC_{\sigma}$, where the stack must avoid a consecutive pattern $\sigma$. Seidel and Sun disproved a conjecture in Defant and Zheng's paper about the maximum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Kai Yi