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Machine learning (ML) models can be trade secrets due to their development cost. Hence, they need protection against malicious forms of reverse engineering (e.g., in IP piracy). With a growing shift of ML to the edge devices, in part for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Anuj Dubey , Rosario Cammarota , Vikram Suresh , Aydin Aysu

As cache-based side-channel attacks become serious security problems, various defenses have been proposed and deployed in both software and hardware. Consequently, cache-based side-channel attacks on processes co-residing on the same core…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Wei Song , Rui Hou , Peng Liu , Xiaoxin Li , Peinan Li , Lutan Zhao , Xiaofei Fu , Yifei Sun , Dan Meng

Timing and cache side channels provide powerful attacks against many sensitive operations including cryptographic implementations. Existing defenses cannot protect against all classes of such attacks without incurring prohibitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-09-01 Benjamin A. Braun , Suman Jana , Dan Boneh

Side-channel attacks (SCAs), which infer secret information (for example secret keys) by exploiting information that leaks from the implementation (such as power consumption), have been shown to be a non-negligible threat to modern…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Shan Jin , Minghua Xu , Yiwei Cai

In recent years machine learning algorithms, and more specifically deep learning algorithms, have been widely used in many fields, including cyber security. However, machine learning systems are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, and this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Ihai Rosenberg , Asaf Shabtai , Yuval Elovici , Lior Rokach

With the recent advancements in machine learning theory, many commercial embedded micro-processors use neural network models for a variety of signal processing applications. However, their associated side-channel security vulnerabilities…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Saurav Maji , Utsav Banerjee , Anantha P. Chandrakasan

Cryptographic libraries, an essential part of cybersecurity, are shown to be susceptible to different types of attacks, including side-channel and memory-corruption attacks. In this article, we examine popular cryptographic libraries in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Rodothea Myrsini Tsoupidi , Elena Troubitsyna , Panos Papadimitratos

Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) has shown great promise in learning representations from unlabeled data. The power of learning representations without the need for human annotations has made SSL a widely used technique in real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Aryan Satpathy , Nilaksh Singh , Dhruva Rajwade , Somesh Kumar

Side-channel attacks on memory (SCAM) exploit unintended data leaks from memory subsystems to infer sensitive information, posing significant threats to system security. These attacks exploit vulnerabilities in memory access patterns, cache…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-09 MD Mahady Hassan , Shanto Roy , Reza Rahaeimehr

The various benefits of multi-tenanting, such as higher device utilization and increased profit margin, intrigue the cloud field-programmable gate array (FPGA) servers to include multi-tenanting in their infrastructure. However, this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Nithyashankari Gummidipoondi Jayasankaran , Hao Guo , Satwik Patnaik , Jeyavijayan , Rajendran , Jiang Hu

Side-channel attacks that use machine learning (ML) for signal analysis have become prominent threats to computer security, as ML models easily find patterns in signals. To address this problem, this paper explores using Adversarial Machine…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Hyoungwook Nam , Raghavendra Pradyumna Pothukuchi , Bo Li , Nam Sung Kim , Josep Torrellas

This study provides a new understanding of the adversarial attack problem by examining the correlation between adversarial attack and visual attention change. In particular, we observed that: (1) images with incomplete attention regions are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Shangxi Wu , Jitao Sang , Kaiyuan Xu , Jiaming Zhang , Jian Yu

The last level cache is vulnerable to timing based side channel attacks because it is shared by the attacker and the victim processes even if they are located on different cores. These timing attacks evict the victim cache lines using small…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-30 Kartik Ramkrishnan , Antonia Zhai , Stephen McCamant , Pen Chung Yew

Cache side channel attacks are increasingly alarming in modern processors due to the recent emergence of Spectre and Meltdown attacks. A typical attack performs intentional cache access and manipulates cache states to leak secrets by…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Luyi Li , Jiayi Huang , Lang Feng , Zhongfeng Wang

In neural network (NN) security, safeguarding model integrity and resilience against adversarial attacks has become paramount. This study investigates the application of stochastic computing (SC) as a novel mechanism to fortify NN models.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Faeze S. Banitaba , Sercan Aygun , M. Hassan Najafi

Modern computer processors use microarchitectural optimization mechanisms to improve performance. As a downside, such optimizations are prone to introducing side-channel vulnerabilities. Speculative loading of memory, called prefetching, is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Till Schlüter , Nils Ole Tippenhauer

To defeat side-channel attacks, many recent countermeasures work by enforcing random run-time variability to the target computing platform in terms of clock jitters, frequency and voltage scaling, and phase shift, also combining the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Davide Galli , Adriano Guarisco , William Fornaciari , Matteo Matteucci , Davide Zoni

Deep learning has emerged as a strong and efficient framework that can be applied to a broad spectrum of complex learning problems which were difficult to solve using the traditional machine learning techniques in the past. In the last few…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Anirban Chakraborty , Manaar Alam , Vishal Dey , Anupam Chattopadhyay , Debdeep Mukhopadhyay

In response to the rapidly evolving nature of adversarial attacks against visual classifiers, numerous defenses have been proposed to generalize against as many known attacks as possible. However, designing a defense method that generalizes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Qian Wang , Hefei Ling , Yingwei Li , Qihao Liu , Ruoxi Jia , Ning Yu

We introduce a feature scattering-based adversarial training approach for improving model robustness against adversarial attacks. Conventional adversarial training approaches leverage a supervised scheme (either targeted or non-targeted) in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Haichao Zhang , Jianyu Wang