Related papers: The energy meaning of Boltzmann's constant
Temperature scale and the Boltzmann constant: The newest system of units is based on a compatible set of natural constants with fixed values. An example is the Boltzmann constant k which defines the thermal energy content kT. To express the…
For the free Fermion gas at thermodynamic equilibrium, the temperature which represents the averaged kinetic energy is demonstrated to have the proper property which is invariant under the Lorentz boost, using the conceptions of the…
The meaning and evolution of the notion of "temperature" (which is a key concept for the condensed and gaseous matter theories) are addressed from the different points of view. The concept of temperature turns out to be much more…
The thermodynamic properties of the Boltzmann hard sphere system is discussed. It was found that zero point energy decreases with temperature so slowly that it turned out to be an almost a constant addition to the classical value. In result…
It is shown that all of the basic properties of the hydrogen atom can be consistently described in terms of classical electrodynamics instead of taking the electron to be a particle; we consider an electrically charged classical wave field,…
We consider the relation between the Boltzmann temperature and the Lagrange multipliers associated with energy average in the nonextensive thermostatistics. In Tsallis' canonical ensemble, the Boltzmann temperature depends on energy through…
Depending on the exact experimental conditions, the thermodynamic properties of physical systems can be related to one or more thermostatistical ensembles. Here, we survey the notion of thermodynamic temperature in different statistical…
Two approaches to describe the thermodynamics of a subsystem that interacts with a thermal bath are considered. Within the first approach, the mean system energy $E_{S}$ is identified with the expectation value of the system Hamiltonian,…
In statistical mechanics, entropy is defined as a fundamental quantity. However, its unit, J/K, involves that of temperature, which is only subsequently defined - and defined in terms of entropy. This circularity arises with the…
The temperature of a mechanical body has a kinetic interpretation: it describes the relative motion of particles within the body. Since the relative velocity of two particles is a Lorentz invariant, so is the temperature. In statistical…
We extend on ideas from standard thermodynamics to show that temperature can be assigned to a general nonequilibrium quantum system. By choosing a physically motivated complete set of observables and expanding the system state thereupon,…
The simplest statistical mechanics model of a Coulomb plasma in two spatial dimensions admits an exact analytic solution at some special temperature in several (curved) surfaces. We present in a unifying perspective these solutions for the…
We fix the temperature $T$ and consider mean energy and Boltzmann-Gibbs-Shannon entropy as two players of a game. As a result, basic formulas for the ordinary quantum mean energy and the Boltzmann-Gibbs-Shannon entropy are derived. We…
The nonzero ground-state energy of the quantum mechanical harmonic oscillator implies quantum fluctuations around the minimum of the potential with the mean square value proportional to Planck's constant. In classical mechanics thermal…
Classical thermodynamics is unrivalled in its range of applications and relevance to everyday life. It enables a description of complex systems, made up of microscopic particles, in terms of a small number of macroscopic quantities, such as…
Classical-like formulas are given in order to evaluate thermal averages of observables belonging to a quantum nonlinear system with dissipation described by the Caldeira-Leggett model [Phys. Rev. Lett. 46, 211 (1981); Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 149,…
The conventional Tolman temperature based on the assumption of the traceless condition of energy-momentum tensor for matter fields is infinite at the horizon if Hawking radiation is involved. However, we note that the temperature associated…
The quantum potential is shown to result from the presence of a subtle thermal vacuum energy distributed across the whole domain of an experimental setup. Explicitly, its form is demonstrated to be exactly identical to the heat distribution…
A simple, approximate relation is found between the total energy of a free atom and its atomic number: E ~= -Z^{2.411}. The existence of this index is inherent in the Coulomb and many-body nature of the electron-electron interaction in the…
A single mechanism, endemic to the standard model of physics, is proposed to explain wavefunction collapse, classical motion, dissipation, equilibration, and the transition from pure quantum mechanics through open system decoherence to the…