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This white paper presents a summary of the discussions regarding critical considerations to develop an extensive repository of online videos annotated with labels indicating questionable content. The main discussion points include: 1) the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Thamar Solorio , Mahsa Shafaei , Christos Smailis , Mona Diab , Theodore Giannakopoulos , Heng Ji , Yang Liu , Rada Mihalcea , Smaranda Muresan , Ioannis Kakadiaris

The proliferation of harmful content on online platforms is a major societal problem, which comes in many different forms including hate speech, offensive language, bullying and harassment, misinformation, spam, violence, graphic content,…

Recent multi-media data such as images and videos have been rapidly spread out on various online services such as social network services (SNS). With the explosive growth of online media services, the number of image content that may harm…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Eungyeom Ha , Heemook Kim , Sung Chul Hong , Dongbin Na

The mental health of social media users has started more and more to be put at risk by harmful, hateful, and offensive content. In this paper, we propose \textsc{StopHC}, a harmful content detection and mitigation architecture for social…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Ciprian-Octavian Truică , Ana-Teodora Constantinescu , Elena-Simona Apostol

Toxic Online Content (TOC) includes messages on digital platforms that are harmful, hostile, or damaging to constructive public discourse. Individuals, organizations, and LLMs respond to TOC through counterspeech or counternarrative…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Lisa Schirch , Kristina Radivojevic , Cathy Buerger

Online discussions, panels, talk page edits, etc., often contain harmful conversational content i.e., hate speech, death threats and offensive language, especially towards certain demographic groups. For example, individuals who identify as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Jamell Dacon , Harry Shomer , Shaylynn Crum-Dacon , Jiliang Tang

The proliferation of harmful content on online social media platforms has necessitated empirical understandings of experiences of harm online and the development of practices for harm mitigation. Both understandings of harm and approaches…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Morgan Klaus Scheuerman , Jialun Aaron Jiang , Casey Fiesler , Jed R. Brubaker

Online social platforms are beset with hateful speech - content that expresses hatred for a person or group of people. Such content can frighten, intimidate, or silence platform users, and some of it can inspire other users to commit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-02 Haji Mohammad Saleem , Kelly P Dillon , Susan Benesch , Derek Ruths

Hate speech is one type of harmful online content which directly attacks or promotes hate towards a group or an individual member based on their actual or perceived aspects of identity, such as ethnicity, religion, and sexual orientation.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Wenjie Yin , Arkaitz Zubiaga

Recent years have witnessed the proliferation of offensive content online such as fake news, propaganda, misinformation, and disinformation. While initially this was mostly about textual content, over time images and videos gained…

Online toxic content has grown into a pervasive phenomenon, intensifying during times of crisis, elections, and social unrest. A significant amount of research has been focused on detecting or analyzing toxic content using machine-learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Gautam Kishore Shahi , Tim A. Majchrzak

Most Americans agree that misinformation, hate speech and harassment are harmful and inadequately curbed on social media through current moderation practices. In this paper, we aim to understand the discursive strategies employed by people…

In order to combat the creation and spread of harmful content online, this paper defines and contextualizes the concept of inauthentic, societal-scale manipulation by malicious actors. We review the literature on societally harmful content…

Harmful suicide content on the Internet is a significant risk factor inducing suicidal thoughts and behaviors among vulnerable populations. Despite global efforts, existing resources are insufficient, specifically in high-risk regions like…

The automatic identification of harmful content online is of major concern for social media platforms, policymakers, and society. Researchers have studied textual, visual, and audio content, but typically in isolation. Yet, harmful content…

Harmful or abusive online content has been increasing over time, raising concerns for social media platforms, government agencies, and policymakers. Such harmful or abusive content can have major negative impact on society, e.g.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Rabindra Nath Nandi , Firoj Alam , Preslav Nakov

The proliferation of harmful content shared online poses a threat to online information integrity and the integrity of discussion across platforms. Despite various moderation interventions adopted by social media platforms, researchers and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Valerio La Gatta , Luca Luceri , Francesco Fabbri , Emilio Ferrara

The increase in active users on social networking sites (SNSs) has also observed an increase in harmful content on social media sites. Harmful content is described as an inappropriate activity to harm or deceive an individual or a group of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Gautam Kishore Shahi

Online video platforms receive hundreds of hours of uploads every minute, making manual content moderation impossible. Unfortunately, the most vulnerable consumers of malicious video content are children from ages 1-5 whose attention is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Syed Hammad Ahmed , Muhammad Junaid Khan , H. M. Umer Qaisar , Gita Sukthankar

This survey paper discusses different forms of malicious techniques that can affect how an information retrieval model retrieves documents for a query and their remedies.

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Saad Farooq
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