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With the development of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), many efforts have been made to handle medical image segmentation. Traditional methods such as nnUNet train specific segmentation models on the individual datasets. Plenty of recent…

Motion artifacts caused by prolonged acquisition time are a significant challenge in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), hindering accurate tissue segmentation. These artifacts appear as blurred images that mimic tissue-like appearances,…

Manual or automatic delineation of the esophageal tumor in CT images is known to be very challenging. This is due to the low contrast between the tumor and adjacent tissues, the anatomical variation of the esophagus, as well as the…

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is critically important for brain mapping in both scientific research and clinical studies. Precise segmentation of brain tumors facilitates clinical diagnosis, evaluations, and surgical planning. Deep…

Multi-organ segmentation of 3D medical images is fundamental with meaningful applications in various clinical automation pipelines. Although deep learning has achieved superior performance, the time and memory consumption of segmenting the…

Registration plays an important role in medical image analysis. Deep learning-based methods have been studied for medical image registration, which leverage convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for efficiently regressing a dense deformation…

Automated segmentation of medical imaging is of broad interest to clinicians and machine learning researchers alike. The goal of segmentation is to increase efficiency and simplicity of visualization and quantification of regions of…

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have achieved promising results in medical image segmentation. However, CNNs require lots of training data and are incapable of handling pose and deformation of objects. Furthermore, their pooling layers…

Most state-of-the-art methods for medical image segmentation adopt the encoder-decoder architecture. However, this U-shaped framework still has limitations in capturing the non-local multi-scale information with a simple skip connection. To…

Atrous convolutions are employed as a method to increase the receptive field in semantic segmentation tasks. However, in previous works of semantic segmentation, it was rarely employed in the shallow layers of the model. We revisit the…

This study investigates a 3D and fully convolutional neural network (CNN) for subcortical brain structure segmentation in MRI. 3D CNN architectures have been generally avoided due to their computational and memory requirements during…

Automated segmentation of the optic cup and disk on retinal fundus images is fundamental for the automated detection / analysis of glaucoma. Traditional segmentation approaches depend heavily upon hand-crafted features and a priori…

Segmentation has been a major task in neuroimaging. A large number of automated methods have been developed for segmenting healthy and diseased brain tissues. In recent years, deep learning techniques have attracted a lot of attention as a…

Semantic segmentation of brain tumors is a fundamental medical image analysis task involving multiple MRI imaging modalities that can assist clinicians in diagnosing the patient and successively studying the progression of the malignant…

The objective of this study was to develop a PET tumor-segmentation framework that addresses the challenges of limited spatial resolution, high image noise, and lack of clinical training data with ground-truth tumor boundaries in PET…

In this paper, we propose a novel network named Vision Transformer for Biomedical Image Segmentation (ViTBIS). Our network splits the input feature maps into three parts with $1\times 1$, $3\times 3$ and $5\times 5$ convolutions in both…

The task of medical image segmentation presents unique challenges, necessitating both localized and holistic semantic understanding to accurately delineate areas of interest, such as critical tissues or aberrant features. This complexity is…

The accurate retinal vessel segmentation (RVS) is of great significance to assist doctors in the diagnosis of ophthalmology diseases and other systemic diseases. Manually designing a valid neural network architecture for retinal vessel…

We propose a novel machine learning strategy for studying neuroanatomical shape variation. Our model works with volumetric binary segmentation images, and requires no pre-processing such as the extraction of surface points or a mesh. The…

For compression fracture detection and evaluation, an automatic X-ray image segmentation technique that combines deep-learning and level-set methods is proposed. Automatic segmentation is much more difficult for X-ray images than for CT or…