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Due to domain shift, deep neural networks (DNNs) usually fail to generalize well on unknown test data in practice. Domain generalization (DG) aims to overcome this issue by capturing domain-invariant representations from source domains.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Feng Hou , Yao Zhang , Yang Liu , Jin Yuan , Cheng Zhong , Yang Zhang , Zhongchao Shi , Jianping Fan , Zhiqiang He

Deep Neural Networks can generalize despite being significantly overparametrized. Recent research has tried to examine this phenomenon from various view points and to provide bounds on the generalization error or measures predictive of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Parth Natekar , Manik Sharma

Deep neural networks (DNNs) exhibit an exceptional capacity for generalization in practical applications. This work aims to capture the effect and benefits of depth for supervised learning via information-theoretic generalization bounds. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Haiyun He , Ziv Goldfeld

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have improved unsupervised community detection of clustered nodes due to their ability to encode the dual dimensionality of the connectivity and feature information spaces of graphs. Identifying the latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 William Leeney , Ryan McConville

It is often said that a deep learning model is "invariant" to some specific type of transformation. However, what is meant by this statement strongly depends on the context in which it is made. In this paper we explore the nature of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Henry Kvinge , Tegan H. Emerson , Grayson Jorgenson , Scott Vasquez , Timothy Doster , Jesse D. Lew

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), a generalization of deep neural networks on graph data have been widely used in various domains, ranging from drug discovery to recommender systems. However, GNNs on such applications are limited when there are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Debmalya Mandal , Sourav Medya , Brian Uzzi , Charu Aggarwal

The development and evaluation of graph neural networks (GNNs) generally follow the independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) assumption. Yet this assumption is often untenable in practice due to the uncontrollable data generation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Yiming Xu , Bin Shi , Zhen Peng , Huixiang Liu , Bo Dong , Chen Chen

Deep learning revolutionized data science, and recently its popularity has grown exponentially, as did the amount of papers employing deep networks. Vision tasks, such as human pose estimation, did not escape from this trend. There is a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-25 Stéphane Lathuilière , Pablo Mesejo , Xavier Alameda-Pineda , Radu Horaud

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are typically optimized using various forms of mini-batch gradient descent algorithm. A major motivation for mini-batch gradient descent is that with a suitably chosen batch size, available computing resources…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Oyebade K. Oyedotun , Konstantinos Papadopoulos , Djamila Aouada

Deep neural networks (DNN) are versatile parametric models utilised successfully in a diverse number of tasks and domains. However, they have limitations---particularly from their lack of robustness and over-sensitivity to out of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-01-01 John Mitros , Brian Mac Namee

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in learning from graph-structured data, often outperforming traditional Multilayer Perceptrons (MLPs) in numerous graph-based tasks. Although existing works have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Wei Huang , Yuan Cao , Haonan Wang , Xin Cao , Taiji Suzuki

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) extend convolutional neural networks to operate on graphs. Despite their impressive performances in various graph learning tasks, the theoretical understanding of their generalization capability is still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Zhiyang Wang , Juan Cervino , Alejandro Ribeiro

Estimating the Generalization Error (GE) of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) is an important task that often relies on availability of held-out data. The ability to better predict GE based on a single training set may yield overarching DNN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Angus Galloway , Anna Golubeva , Mahmoud Salem , Mihai Nica , Yani Ioannou , Graham W. Taylor

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and Graph Transformers (GTs) are now a fundamental paradigm for graph learning, combining the representation-learning capabilities of deep models with the sample efficiency induced by their inductive biases.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Stefano Carotti , Marco Pacini , Alessio Gravina , Davide Bacciu , Bruno Lepri , Sebastiano Bontorin

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) struggles with sample inefficiency and poor generalization [1]. These challenges are partially due to a lack of structure or inductive bias in the neural networks typically used in learning the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Joshua McClellan , Naveed Haghani , John Winder , Furong Huang , Pratap Tokekar

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been extensively used in various real-world applications. However, the predictive uncertainty of GNNs stemming from diverse sources such as inherent randomness in data and model training errors can lead to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Fangxin Wang , Yuqing Liu , Kay Liu , Yibo Wang , Sourav Medya , Philip S. Yu

While deep ensembles are widely considered to be the default method for uncertainty quantification in deep learning, their effectiveness for graph-structured data is often simply assumed based on successes in domains like computer vision.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Pedro C. Vieira , Pedro Ribeiro , Viacheslav Borovitskiy

Understanding generalization in deep learning is arguably one of the most important questions in deep learning. Deep learning has been successfully adopted to a large number of problems ranging from pattern recognition to complex decision…

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are effective models for representation learning on relational data. However, standard GNNs are limited in their expressive power, as they cannot distinguish graphs beyond the capability of the Weisfeiler-Leman…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Ralph Abboud , İsmail İlkan Ceylan , Martin Grohe , Thomas Lukasiewicz

We address the problem of improving the performance and in particular the sample complexity of deep neural networks by enforcing and guaranteeing invariances to symmetry transformations rather than learning them from data. Group-equivariant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Matthias Rath , Alexandru Paul Condurache