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Real-world data is often incomplete and contains missing values. To train accurate models over real-world datasets, users need to spend a substantial amount of time and resources imputing and finding proper values for missing data items. In…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-05 Cheng Zhen , Nischal Aryal , Arash Termehchy , Alireza Aghasi , Amandeep Singh Chabada

Multiple imputation (MI) inference handles missing data by imputing the missing values $m$ times, and then combining the results from the $m$ complete-data analyses. However, the existing method for combining likelihood ratio tests (LRTs)…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-01-03 Kin Wai Chan , Xiao-Li Meng

The ubiquity of missing values in real-world datasets poses a challenge for statistical inference and can prevent similar datasets from being analyzed in the same study, precluding many existing datasets from being used for new analyses.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Sina Baharlouei , Kelechi Ogudu , Sze-chuan Suen , Meisam Razaviyayn

A large class of problems in sciences and engineering can be formulated as the general problem of constructing random intervals with pre-specified coverage probabilities for the mean. Wee propose a general approach for statistical inference…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-06-11 Xinjia Chen

We propose tensor time series imputation when the missing pattern in the tensor data can be general, as long as any two data positions along a tensor fibre are both observed for enough time points. The method is based on a tensor time…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-17 Zetai Cen , Clifford Lam

Multiple imputation is widely used to handle missing data. Although Rubin's combining rule is simple, it is not clear whether or not the standard multiple imputation inference is consistent when coupled with the commonly-used full sample…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-03 Qian Guan , Shu Yang

The use of flexible machine-learning (ML) models to generate imputations of missing data within the framework of Multiple Imputation (MI) has recently gained traction, particularly in observational settings. For randomised controlled trials…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-07 Mia S. Tackney , Jonathan W. Bartlett , Elizabeth Williamson , Kim May Lee

We study high-dimensional regression with missing entries in the covariates. A common strategy in practice is to \emph{impute} the missing entries with an appropriate substitute and then implement a standard statistical procedure acting as…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-28 Kabir Aladin Chandrasekher , Ahmed El Alaoui , Andrea Montanari

Missing data in online reinforcement learning (RL) poses challenges compared to missing data in standard tabular data or in offline policy learning. The need to impute and act at each time step means that imputation cannot be put off until…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-14 Kyla Chasalow , Skyler Wu , Susan Murphy

Data imputation, the process of filling in missing feature elements for incomplete data sets, plays a crucial role in data-driven learning. A fundamental belief is that data imputation is helpful for learning performance, and it follows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Ruikai Yang , Fan He , Mingzhen He , Kaijie Wang , Xiaolin Huang

Missing data imputation, where a model is trained on observed data to estimate unobserved values, is a fundamental problem in machine learning. In this paper, we rigorously formulate imputation model learning as a mean-squared error risk…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-14 Luke Shannon , Song Liu , Katarzyna Reluga

AI for Science (AI4Science) workflows often treat the released dataset as a fixed interface to the underlying system. However, in domains relying on \emph{indirect observation}, the learner observes a derivative representation produced by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ling Zhan , Xiaoyao Yu , Tao Jia

Time series forecasting using historical data has been an interesting and challenging topic, especially when the data is corrupted by missing values. In many industrial problem, it is important to learn the inference function between the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Trang H. Tran , Lam M. Nguyen , Kyongmin Yeo , Nam Nguyen , Dzung Phan , Roman Vaculin , Jayant Kalagnanam

Conformal prediction is a theoretically grounded framework for constructing predictive intervals. We study conformal prediction with missing values in the covariates -- a setting that brings new challenges to uncertainty quantification. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-06 Margaux Zaffran , Aymeric Dieuleveut , Julie Josse , Yaniv Romano

Missing time-series data is a prevalent problem in many prescriptive analytics models in operations management, healthcare and finance. Imputation methods for time-series data are usually applied to the full panel data with the purpose of…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-13 Jose Blanchet , Fernando Hernandez , Viet Anh Nguyen , Markus Pelger , Xuhui Zhang

Missing values pose a persistent challenge in modern data science. Consequently, there is an ever-growing number of publications introducing new imputation methods in various fields. While many studies compare imputation approaches, they…

Computation · Statistics 2025-11-10 Krystyna Grzesiak , Christophe Muller , Julie Josse , Jeffrey Näf

Clinical decision support using data mining techniques offers more intelligent way to reduce the decision error in the last few years. However, clinical datasets often suffer from high missingness, which adversely impacts the quality of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-20 Xuetong Wu , Hadi Akbarzadeh Khorshidi , Uwe Aickelin , Zobaida Edib , Michelle Peate

Missing data are often dealt with multiple imputation. A crucial part of the multiple imputation process is selecting sensible models to generate plausible values for incomplete data. A method based on posterior predictive checking is…

Computation · Statistics 2026-05-14 Mingyang Cai , Stef van Buuren , Gerko Vink

Data collected in clinical trials are often composed of multiple types of variables. For example, laboratory measurements and vital signs are longitudinal data of continuous or categorical variables, adverse events may be recurrent events,…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-12 Tuo Wang , Rachel Zilinskas , Ying Li , Yongming Qu

Rule models are often preferred in prediction tasks with tabular inputs as they can be easily interpreted using natural language and provide predictive performance on par with more complex models. However, most rule models' predictions are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Lena Stempfle , Fredrik D. Johansson
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