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Evidence of mutually inclined planetary orbits has been reported for giant planets these last years. Here we aim to study the impact of eccentric and inclined massive giant planets on the terrestrial planet formation process, and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-06 Sotiris Sotiriadis , Anne-Sophie Libert , Sean N. Raymond

[Abridged] The formation of Jupiter is modeled via core-nucleated accretion, and the planet's evolution is simulated up to the present epoch. The growth from a small embryo until gas accretion overtakes solids' accretion was presented by…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-16 Gennaro D'Angelo , Stuart J. Weidenschilling , Jack J. Lissauer , Peter Bodenheimer

Exoplanet observations have shown that the occurrence and orbital architectures of close-in super-Earths and sub-Neptunes are shaped by the presence of outer gas giant planets. This influence may emerge during the formation stage or from…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-04 Marcela Best , Antranik A. Sefilian , Carolina Charalambous , Kedron Silsbee , Cristobal Petrovich

Observations and models of giant planets indicate that such objects are enriched in heavy elements compared to solar abundances. The prevailing view is that giant planets accreted multiple Earth masses of heavy elements after the end of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-18 Linn E. J. Eriksson , Thomas Ronnet , Anders Johansen , Ravit Helled , Claudio Valletta , Antoine C. Petit

Magnetospheric accretion is an important process for a wide range of astrophysical systems, and may play a role in the formation of gas giant planets. Extending the formalism describing stellar magnetospheric accretion into the planetary…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 R. V. E. Lovelace , K. R. Covey , J. P. Lloyd

The standard model for giant planet formation is based on the accretion of solids by a growing planetary embryo, followed by rapid gas accretion once the planet exceeds a so-called critical mass. The dominant size of the accreted solids…

In order to test planetary accretion and differentiation scenarios, we integrated a multistage core-mantle differentiation model with N-body accretion simulations. Impacts between embryos and planetesimals result in magma ocean formation…

Gas giant planets are far easier than terrestrial planets to detect around other stars, and are thought to form much more quickly than terrestrial planets. Thus, in systems with giant planets, the late stages of terrestrial planet formation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Sean N. Raymond

We present results of a detailed study of the rate of the accretion of planetesimals by a growing proto-Jupiter in the core-accretion model. Using a newly developed code, we accurately combine a detailed three-body trajectory calculation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-19 Morris Podolak , Nader Haghighipour , Peter Bodenheimer , Ravit Helled , Esther Podolak

Giant planets migrate though the protoplanetary disc as they grow. We investigate how the formation of planetary systems depends on the radial flux of pebbles through the protoplanetary disc and on the planet migration rate. Our N-body…

The favored theoretical explanation for giant planet formation -- in both our solar system and others -- is the core accretion model (although it still has some serious difficulties). In this scenario, planetesimals accumulate to build up…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 Gregory Laughlin , Peter Bodenheimer , Fred C. Adams

This work describes new dynamical simulations of terrestrial planet formation. The simulations started at the protoplanetary disk stage, when planetesimals formed and accreted into protoplanets, and continued past the late stage of giant…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-22 David Nesvorny , Alessandro Morbidelli , William F. Bottke , Rogerio Deienno , Max Goldberg

We numerically investigate under which conditions the planet detected at 2.1 AU of Gamma-Cephei could form through the core-accretion scenario despite the perturbing presence of the highly eccentric companion star. We first show that the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Philippe Thebault , Francesco Marzari , Hans Scholl , D. Turrini , Mauro Barbieri

Massive cores of the giant planets are thought to have formed in a gas disk by accretion of pebble-size particles whose accretional cross-section is enhanced by aerodynamic gas drag [1][2]. A commonly held view is that the terrestrial…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-24 M. Brož , O. Chrenko , D. Nesvorný , N. Dauphas

We present nested-grid, high-resolution hydrodynamic simulations of gas and particle dynamics in the vicinity of Mars- to Earth-mass planetary embryos. The simulations extend from the surface of the embryos to a few vertical disk scale…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-31 A. Popovas , Å. Nordlund , Jon P. Ramsey , Chris W. Ormel

Formation models in which terrestrial bodies grow via the pairwise accretion of planetesimals have been reasonably successful at reproducing the general properties of the solar system, including small body populations. However, planetesimal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-20 Spencer C. Wallace , Thomas R. Quinn

A large fraction of stars host one or multiple close-in super-Earth planets. There is an active debate about whether these planets formed in situ or at greater distances from the central star and migrated to their current position. It has…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Masahiro Ogihara , Alessandro Morbidelli , Tristan Guillot

In the core-accretion model the nominal runaway gas-accretion phase brings most planets to multiple Jupiter masses. However, known giant planets are predominantly Jupiter-mass bodies. Obtaining longer timescales for gas accretion may…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 J. Szulágyi , A. Morbidelli , A. Crida , F. Masset

In this paper, we investigate the conditions required for the 3 and 17 Earth mass solid planets in the Kepler-10 system to have formed through collisions and mergers within an initial population of embryos. By performing a large number of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Caroline Terquem

Numerical simulations show that the migration of growing planetary cores may be dominated by turbulent fluctuations in the protoplanetary disk, rather than by any mean property of the flow. We quantify the impact of this stochastic core…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 W. K. M. Rice , Philip J. Armitage