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Real-world data often have a long-tailed distribution, where the number of samples per class is not equal over training classes. The imbalanced data form a biased feature space, which deteriorates the performance of the recognition model.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Minki Jeong , Changick Kim

Deep neural networks have demonstrated remarkable advancements in various fields using large, well-annotated datasets. However, real-world data often exhibit long-tailed distributions and label noise, significantly degrading generalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Jae Soon Baik , In Young Yoon , Kun Hoon Kim , Jun Won Choi

Recognizing images with long-tailed distributions remains a challenging problem while there lacks an interpretable mechanism to solve this problem. In this study, we formulate Long-tailed recognition as Domain Adaption (LDA), by modeling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Zhiliang Peng , Wei Huang , Zonghao Guo , Xiaosong Zhang , Jianbin Jiao , Qixiang Ye

The fine-tuning paradigm in addressing long-tail learning tasks has sparked significant interest since the emergence of foundation models. Nonetheless, how fine-tuning impacts performance in long-tail learning was not explicitly quantified.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Jiang-Xin Shi , Tong Wei , Zhi Zhou , Jie-Jing Shao , Xin-Yan Han , Yu-Feng Li

The long-tailed recognition (LTR) is the task of learning high-performance classifiers given extremely imbalanced training samples between categories. Most of the existing works address the problem by either enhancing the features of tail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Haixu Long , Xiaolin Zhang , Yanbin Liu , Zongtai Luo , Jianbo Liu

Modern image classifiers perform well on populated classes, while degrading considerably on tail classes with only a few instances. Humans, by contrast, effortlessly handle the long-tailed recognition challenge, since they can learn the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Yingjun Du , Jiayi Shen , Xiantong Zhen , Cees G. M. Snoek

Real world data often have a long-tailed and open-ended distribution. A practical recognition system must classify among majority and minority classes, generalize from a few known instances, and acknowledge novelty upon a never seen…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-17 Ziwei Liu , Zhongqi Miao , Xiaohang Zhan , Jiayun Wang , Boqing Gong , Stella X. Yu

Methods in long-tail learning focus on improving performance for data-poor (rare) classes; however, performance for such classes remains much lower than performance for more data-rich (frequent) classes. Analyzing the predictions of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Nadine Chang , Jayanth Koushik , Aarti Singh , Martial Hebert , Yu-Xiong Wang , Michael J. Tarr

The imbalanced distribution of long-tailed data presents a considerable challenge for deep learning models, as it causes them to prioritize the accurate classification of head classes but largely disregard tail classes. The biased decision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Mengke Li , Zhikai Hu , Yang Lu , Weichao Lan , Yiu-ming Cheung , Hui Huang

Our work focuses on tackling the challenging but natural visual recognition task of long-tailed data distribution (i.e., a few classes occupy most of the data, while most classes have rarely few samples). In the literature, class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-11 Boyan Zhou , Quan Cui , Xiu-Shen Wei , Zhao-Min Chen

In vision domain, large-scale natural datasets typically exhibit long-tailed distribution which has large class imbalance between head and tail classes. This distribution poses difficulty in learning good representations for tail classes.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Anthony Meng Huat Tiong , Junnan Li , Guosheng Lin , Boyang Li , Caiming Xiong , Steven C. H. Hoi

Long-tailed learning has attracted much attention recently, with the goal of improving generalisation for tail classes. Most existing works use supervised learning without considering the prevailing noise in the training dataset. To move…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Tong Wei , Jiang-Xin Shi , Wei-Wei Tu , Yu-Feng Li

We analyze neural scaling laws in a solvable model of last-layer fine-tuning where targets have intrinsic, instance-heterogeneous difficulty. In our Latent Instance Difficulty (LID) model, each input's target variance is governed by a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Noam Levi

Learning with noisy labels has gained increasing attention because the inevitable imperfect labels in real-world scenarios can substantially hurt the deep model performance. Recent studies tend to regard low-loss samples as clean ones and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Huafeng Liu , Mengmeng Sheng , Zeren Sun , Yazhou Yao , Xian-Sheng Hua , Heng-Tao Shen

The generalization gap on the long-tailed data sets is largely owing to most categories only occupying a few training samples. Decoupled training achieves better performance by training backbone and classifier separately. What causes the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Zhiwei Zhang

In the real world, medical datasets often exhibit a long-tailed data distribution (i.e., a few classes occupy most of the data, while most classes have rarely few samples), which results in a challenging imbalance learning scenario. For…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Lie Ju , Xin Wang , Lin Wang , Tongliang Liu , Xin Zhao , Tom Drummond , Dwarikanath Mahapatra , Zongyuan Ge

We investigate robust nonparametric regression in the presence of heavy-tailed noise, where the hypothesis class may contain unbounded functions and robustness is ensured via a robust loss function $\ell_\sigma$. Using Huber regression as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Yunlong Feng , Qiang Wu

Class-imbalance is one of the major challenges in real world datasets, where a few classes (called majority classes) constitute much more data samples than the rest (called minority classes). Learning deep neural networks using such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Saptarshi Sinha , Hiroki Ohashi , Katsuyuki Nakamura

Though Self-supervised learning (SSL) has been widely studied as a promising technique for representation learning, it doesn't generalize well on long-tailed datasets due to the majority classes dominating the feature space. Recent work…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Jianhong Bai , Zuozhu Liu , Hualiang Wang , Jin Hao , Yang Feng , Huanpeng Chu , Haoji Hu

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art results in various pattern recognition tasks. However, they perform poorly on out-of-distribution adversarial examples i.e. inputs that are specifically crafted by an adversary to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-09 Chirag Agarwal , Anh Nguyen , Dan Schonfeld