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A set of vertices $S$ \emph{resolves} a connected graph $G$ if every vertex is uniquely determined by its vector of distances to the vertices in $S$. The \emph{metric dimension} of $G$ is the minimum cardinality of a resolving set of $G$.…
We consider first-order logic over the subword ordering on finite words, where each word is available as a constant. Our first result is that the $\Sigma_1$ theory is undecidable (already over two letters). We investigate the decidability…
We study the problem of graph clustering where the goal is to partition a graph into clusters, i.e. disjoint subsets of vertices, such that each cluster is well connected internally while sparsely connected to the rest of the graph. In…
Partial vertex cover and partial dominating set are two well-investigated optimization problems. While they are $\rm W[1]$-hard on general graphs, they have been shown to be fixed-parameter tractable on many sparse graph classes, including…
Disjoint-paths logic, denoted $\mathsf{FO}$+$\mathsf{dp}$, extends first-order logic ($\mathsf{FO}$) with atomic predicates $\mathsf{dp}_r[(x_1,y_1),\ldots,(x_r,y_r)]$, expressing the existence of vertex-disjoint paths between $x_i$ and…
Algorithmic meta-theorems provide an important tool for showing tractability of graph problems on graph classes defined by structural restrictions. While such results are well established for static graphs, corresponding frameworks for…
It is known that families of graphs with a semialgebraic edge relation of bounded complexity satisfy much stronger regularity properties than arbitrary graphs, and that they can be decomposed into very homogeneous semialgebraic pieces up to…
The focus of this paper is two fold. Firstly, we present a logical approach to graph modification problems such as minimum node deletion, edge deletion, edge augmentation problems by expressing them as an expression in first order (FO)…
A well-defined distance on the parameter space is key to evaluating estimators, ensuring consistency, and building confidence sets. While there are typically standard distances to adopt in a continuous space, this is not the case for…
Density matrices of graphs are combinatorial laplacians normalized to have trace one (Braunstein \emph{et al.} \emph{Phys. Rev. A,} \textbf{73}:1, 012320 (2006)). If the vertices of a graph are arranged as an array, then its density matrix…
Let $\Sigma$ be a surface with boundary $b(\Sigma)$, $\mathcal{L}$ be a collection of $k$ disjoint $b(\Sigma)$-paths in $\Sigma$, and $P$ be a non-separating $b(\Sigma)$-path in $\Sigma$. We prove that there is a homeomorphism $\phi: \Sigma…
We generalize the family of $(\sigma, \rho)$-problems and locally checkable vertex partition problems to their distance versions, which naturally captures well-known problems such as distance-$r$ dominating set and distance-$r$ independent…
Graphs are used in almost every scientific discipline to express relations among a set of objects. Algorithms that compare graphs, and output a closeness score, or a correspondence among their nodes, are thus extremely important. Despite…
Recently it was shown that the transitive closure of a directed graph can be updated using first-order formulas after insertions and deletions of single edges in the dynamic descriptive complexity framework by Dong, Su, and Topor, and…
In 1971, Graham and Pollak provided a formula for the determinant of the distance matrix of any tree on $n$ vertices. Yan and Yeh reproved this by exploiting the fact that pendant vertices can be deleted from trees without changing the…
We consider limit probabilities of first order properties in random graphs with a given degree sequence. Under mild conditions on the degree sequence, we show that the closure set of limit probabilities is a finite union of closed…
We develop a new framework for generalizing approximation algorithms from the structural graph algorithm literature so that they apply to graphs somewhat close to that class (a scenario we expect is common when working with real-world…
Graphs possess exotic features like variable size and absence of natural ordering of the nodes that make them difficult to analyze and compare. To circumvent this problem and learn on graphs, graph feature representation is required. A good…
For a finite collection of graphs ${\cal F}$, the \textsc{${\cal F}$-TM-Deletion} problem has as input an $n$-vertex graph $G$ and an integer $k$ and asks whether there exists a set $S \subseteq V(G)$ with $|S| \leq k$ such that $G…
It is not hard to write a first order formula which is true for a given graph G but is false for any graph not isomorphic to G. The smallest number $(G) of nested quantifiers in a such formula can serve as a measure for the ``first order…