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Visual domain randomization in simulated environments is a widely used method to transfer policies trained in simulation to real robots. However, domain randomization and augmentation hamper the training of a policy. As reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Artemij Amiranashvili , Max Argus , Lukas Hermann , Wolfram Burgard , Thomas Brox

There has recently been significant interest in training reinforcement learning (RL) agents in vision-based environments. This poses many challenges, such as high dimensionality and the potential for observational overfitting through…

In visuomotor policy learning, the control policy for the robotic agent is derived directly from visual inputs. The typical approach, where a policy and vision encoder are trained jointly from scratch, generalizes poorly to novel visual…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Scott Jones , Liyou Zhou , Sebastian W. Pattinson

Model-free reinforcement learning algorithms have exhibited great potential in solving single-task sequential decision-making problems with high-dimensional observations and long horizons, but are known to be hard to generalize across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Boyuan Chen , Chuning Zhu , Pulkit Agrawal , Kaiqing Zhang , Abhishek Gupta

Reinforcement learning (RL) in the real world necessitates the development of procedures that enable agents to explore without causing harm to themselves or others. The most successful solutions to the problem of safe RL leverage offline…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Alexander Quessy , Thomas Richardson , Sebastian East

Reinforcement learning (RL) plays a central role in improving the reasoning and alignment of large language models, yet its efficiency critically depends on how training data are selected. Existing online selection strategies predominantly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Xinyu Zhou , Boyu Zhu , Haotian Zhang , Huiming Wang , Zhijiang Guo

Post-training Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models via reinforcement learning (RL) in learned world models has emerged as an effective strategy to adapt to new tasks without costly real-world interactions. However, while using imagined…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yucen Wang , Rui Yu , Fengming Zhang , Junjie Lu , Xinyao Qin , Tianxiang Zhang , Kaixin Wang , Li Zhao

The visual world provides an abundance of information, but many input pixels received by agents often contain distracting stimuli. Autonomous agents need the ability to distinguish useful information from task-irrelevant perceptions,…

Current reinforcement learning (RL) in robotics often experiences difficulty in generalizing to new downstream tasks due to the innate task-specific training paradigm. To alleviate it, unsupervised RL, a framework that pre-trains the agent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Daesol Cho , Jigang Kim , H. Jin Kim

Model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) has been used to efficiently solve vision-based control tasks in highdimensional image observations. Although recent MBRL algorithms perform well in trained observations, they fail when faced with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Jeongsoo Ha , Kyungsoo Kim , Yusung Kim

Reinforcement learning is a powerful framework for robots to acquire skills from experience, but often requires a substantial amount of online data collection. As a result, it is difficult to collect sufficiently diverse experiences that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-08 Karl Schmeckpeper , Oleh Rybkin , Kostas Daniilidis , Sergey Levine , Chelsea Finn

Reinforcement learning (RL) makes it possible to train agents capable of achieving sophisticated goals in complex and uncertain environments. A key difficulty in reinforcement learning is specifying a reward function for the agent to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Bradly C. Stadie , Pieter Abbeel , Ilya Sutskever

While recent model-free Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods have demonstrated human-level effectiveness in gaming environments, their success in everyday tasks like visual navigation has been limited, particularly under significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Rudra P. K. Poudel , Harit Pandya , Stephan Liwicki , Roberto Cipolla

Agent decision making using Reinforcement Learning (RL) heavily relies on either a model or simulator of the environment (e.g., moving in an 8x8 maze with three rooms, playing Chess on an 8x8 board). Due to this dependence, small changes in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Wenjun Li , Pradeep Varakantham , Dexun Li

Reinforcement Fine-Tuning (RFT) in Large Reasoning Models like OpenAI o1 learns from feedback on its answers, which is especially useful in applications when fine-tuning data is scarce. Recent open-source work like DeepSeek-R1 demonstrates…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Ziyu Liu , Zeyi Sun , Yuhang Zang , Xiaoyi Dong , Yuhang Cao , Haodong Duan , Dahua Lin , Jiaqi Wang

The ability to navigate from visual observations in unfamiliar environments is a core component of intelligent agents and an ongoing challenge for Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL). Street View can be a sensible testbed for such RL agents,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Ang Li , Huiyi Hu , Piotr Mirowski , Mehrdad Farajtabar

Visual Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents must learn to act based on high-dimensional image data where only a small fraction of the pixels is task-relevant. This forces agents to waste exploration and computational resources on irrelevant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Andrew Lee , Ian Chuang , Dechen Gao , Kai Fukazawa , Iman Soltani

Learning physical dynamics in a series of non-stationary environments is a challenging but essential task for model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) with visual inputs. It requires the agent to consistently adapt to novel tasks without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Minting Pan , Wendong Zhang , Geng Chen , Xiangming Zhu , Siyu Gao , Yunbo Wang , Xiaokang Yang

In recent years, increasing attention has been directed to leveraging pre-trained vision models for motor control. While existing works mainly emphasize the importance of this pre-training phase, the arguably equally important role played…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Yingdong Hu , Renhao Wang , Li Erran Li , Yang Gao

Classical pixel-based Visual Servoing (VS) approaches offer high accuracy but suffer from a limited convergence area due to optimization nonlinearity. Modern deep learning-based VS methods overcome traditional vision issues but lack…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Salar Asayesh , Hossein Sheikhi Darani , Mo chen , Mehran Mehrandezh , Kamal Gupta