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We introduce a new unsupervised pre-training method for reinforcement learning called APT, which stands for Active Pre-Training. APT learns behaviors and representations by actively searching for novel states in reward-free environments.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Hao Liu , Pieter Abbeel

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) pose a significant challenge in cybersecurity due to their stealthy and long-term nature. Modern supervised learning methods require extensive labeled data, which is often scarce in real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Sidahmed Benabderrahmane , James Cheney , Talal Rahwan

Deep learning algorithms are often said to be data hungry. The performance of such algorithms generally improve as more and more annotated data is fed into the model. While collecting unlabelled data is easier (as they can be scraped easily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Abhishek Sinha , Shreya Singh

Optimizing software performance through automated code refinement offers a promising avenue for enhancing execution speed and efficiency. Despite recent advancements in LLMs, a significant gap remains in their ability to perform in-depth…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Manish Acharya , Yifan Zhang , Kevin Leach , Yu Huang

Algorithm evaluation and comparison are fundamental questions in machine learning and statistics -- how well does an algorithm perform at a given modeling task, and which algorithm performs best? Many methods have been developed to assess…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Yuetian Luo , Rina Foygel Barber

Real-world artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly required to operate autonomously in dynamic, uncertain, and continuously changing environments. However, most existing AI models rely on predefined objectives, static training…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Hong Su

Testing under what conditions the product satisfies the desired properties is a fundamental problem in manufacturing industry. If the condition and the property are respectively regarded as the input and the output of a black-box function,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-30 Yu Inatsu , Masayuki Karasuyama , Keiichi Inoue , Ichiro Takeuchi

Most recent test-time adaptation methods focus on only classification tasks, use specialized network architectures, destroy model calibration or rely on lightweight information from the source domain. To tackle these issues, this paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Devavrat Tomar , Guillaume Vray , Behzad Bozorgtabar , Jean-Philippe Thiran

Every four years, the PISA test is administered by the OECD to test the knowledge of teenage students worldwide and allow for comparisons of educational systems. However, having to avoid language differences and annotator bias makes the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Pavel Šindelář , Dávid Slivka , Christopher Bouma , Filip Prášil , Ondřej Bojar

To help enforce data-protection regulations such as GDPR and detect unauthorized uses of personal data, we develop a new \emph{model auditing} technique that helps users check if their data was used to train a machine learning model. We…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Congzheng Song , Vitaly Shmatikov

The rapidly-changing deep learning landscape presents a unique opportunity for building inference accelerators optimized for specific datacenter-scale workloads. We propose Full-stack Accelerator Search Technique (FAST), a hardware…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Dan Zhang , Safeen Huda , Ebrahim Songhori , Kartik Prabhu , Quoc Le , Anna Goldie , Azalia Mirhoseini

Property-based testing (PBT) relies on generators for random test cases, often constructed using embedded domain specific languages, which provide expressive combinators for building and composing generators. The effectiveness of PBT…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Cynthia Richey , Joseph W. Cutler , Harrison Goldstein , Benjamin C. Pierce

Generative AI agents, software systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs), are emerging as a promising approach to automate cybersecurity tasks. Among the others, penetration testing is a challenging field due to the task complexity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Luca Gioacchini , Marco Mellia , Idilio Drago , Alexander Delsanto , Giuseppe Siracusano , Roberto Bifulco

Black-box optimization refers to the optimization problem whose objective function and/or constraint sets are either unknown, inaccessible, or non-existent. In many applications, especially with the involvement of humans, the only way to…

The design of better automated dialogue evaluation metrics offers the potential of accelerate evaluation research on conversational AI. However, existing trainable dialogue evaluation models are generally restricted to classifiers trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Xiang Gao , Yizhe Zhang , Michel Galley , Bill Dolan

We have developed several autotuning benchmarks in CUDA that take into account performance-relevant source-code parameters and reach near peak-performance on various GPU architectures. We have used them during the development and evaluation…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Jiří Filipovič , Jana Hozzová , Amin Nezarat , Jaroslav Oľha , Filip Petrovič

Detecting change-points in data is challenging because of the range of possible types of change and types of behaviour of data when there is no change. Statistically efficient methods for detecting a change will depend on both of these…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-29 Jie Li , Paul Fearnhead , Piotr Fryzlewicz , Tengyao Wang

In modern industrial systems, machinery frequently operates under dynamic environments with continuously varying loads and speeds. Consequently, deep learning-based fault diagnosis models often suffer from severe performance degradation…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-22 Yakun Wang , Pengyu Han , Zeyi Liu , Xiao He , Dongming Cai , Hongshuo Zhao

Data is a central resource for modern enterprises, and data validation is essential for ensuring the reliability of downstream applications. However, existing automated data unit testing frameworks are largely task-agnostic: they validate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Hao Chen , Arnab Phani , Sebastian Schelter

In computer science, students are encouraged to learn various programming languages such as Python, C++, and Java, equipping them with a broad range of technical skills and problem-solving capabilities. Nevertheless, the design of objective…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jongwook Si , Sungyoung Kim