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Data from gravitational-wave (GW) detectors often contains a high rate of non-Gaussian transient noise, known as glitches. The parameters estimated from GW signals coinciding with detector glitches are occasionally biased away from their…

In future gravitational-wave (GW) detections, a large number of overlapping GW signals will appear in the data stream of detectors. When extracting information from one signal, the presence of other signals can cause large parameter…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-07 Ziming Wang , Dicong Liang , Junjie Zhao , Chang Liu , Lijing Shao

Gravitational-wave (GW) parameter estimation typically assumes that instrumental noise is Gaussian and stationary. Obvious departures from this idealization are typically handled on a case-by-case basis, e.g., through bespoke procedures to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-15 Ronan Legin , Maximiliano Isi , Kaze W. K. Wong , Yashar Hezaveh , Laurence Perreault-Levasseur

With the significantly improved sensitivity and a wider frequency band, the next-generation gravitational-wave (GW) detectors are anticipated to detect $\sim 10^5$ GW signals per year with durations from hours to days, leading to inevitable…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-26 Ziming Wang , Dicong Liang , Lijing Shao

The increasing sensitivity of gravitational-wave detectors has brought about an increase in the rate of astrophysical signal detections as well as the rate of "glitches"; transient and non-Gaussian detector noise. Temporal overlap of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-08-18 Sophie Hourihane , Katerina Chatziioannou , Marcella Wijngaarden , Derek Davis , Tyson Littenberg , Neil Cornish

Non-Gaussian noise in gravitational-wave detectors, known as "glitches," can bias the inferred parameters of transient signals when they occur nearby in time and frequency. These biases are addressed with a variety of methods that remove or…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-07 Sophie Hourihane , Katerina Chatziioannou

Gravitational wave (GW) detection is of paramount importance in fundamental physics and GW astronomy, yet it presents formidable challenges. One significant challenge is the removal of noise transient artifacts known as glitches, which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-10 Chun-Yu Xiong , Tian-Yang Sun , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

Overlapping gravitational wave (GW) signals are expected in the third-generation (3G) GW detectors, leading to one of the major challenges in GW data analysis. Inference of overlapping GW sources is complicated - it has been reported that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-08 Qian Hu

Third-generation gravitational wave detectors, such as the Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer, will detect a bunch of gravitational-wave (GW) signals originating from the coalescence of binary neutron star (BNS) and binary black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-08-18 Yoshiaki Himemoto , Atsushi Nishizawa , Atsushi Taruya

The number of astrophysical sources detected by Advanced LIGO and Virgo is expected to increase as the detectors approach their design sensitivity. Gravitational wave detectors are also sensitive to transient noise sources created by the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-25 Jade Powell

Glitches represent a category of non-Gaussian and transient noise that frequently intersects with gravitational wave (GW) signals, exerting a notable impact on the processing of GW data. The inference of GW parameters, crucial for GW…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-15 Tian-Yang Sun , Chun-Yu Xiong , Shang-Jie Jin , Yu-Xin Wang , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

Approximations are commonly employed in realistic applications of scientific Bayesian inference, often due to convenience if not necessity. In the field of gravitational-wave (GW) data analysis, fast-to-evaluate but approximate waveform…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-03 Ruiting Mao , Jeong Eun Lee , Ollie Burke , Alvin J. K. Chua , Matthew C. Edwards , Renate Meyer

When using incorrect or inaccurate signal models to perform parameter estimation on a gravitational wave signal, biased parameter estimates will in general be obtained. For a single event this bias may be consistent with the posterior, but…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-01 Jonathan R. Gair , Christopher J. Moore

Gravitational wave data are often contaminated by non-Gaussian noise transients, glitches, which can bias the inference of astrophysical signal parameters. Traditional approaches either subtract glitches in a pre-processing step, or a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-01 Ann-Kristin Malz , John Veitch

The upcoming gravitational wave (GW) observatory LISA will measure the parameters of sources like extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs) to exquisite precision. These measurements will also be sensitive to perturbations to the vacuum,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-18 Shubham Kejriwal , Francisco Duque , Alvin J. K. Chua , Jonathan Gair

Observations of gravitational waves (GWs) from compact binary coalescences provide powerful tests of general relativity (GR), but systematic errors in data analysis could lead to incorrect scientific conclusions. This issue is especially…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-16 Qian Hu , John Veitch

Third-generation gravitational wave detectors such as Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer will have significantly better sensitivities than current detectors, as well as a wider frequency bandwidth. This will increase the number and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-22 Tomasz Baka , Harsh Narola , Justin Janquart , Anuradha Samajdar , Tim Dietrich , Chris Van Den Broeck

We present a parameter estimation framework for gravitational wave (GW) signals that brings together several ideas to accelerate the inference process. First, we use the relative binning algorithm to evaluate the signal-to-noise-ratio…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-10-31 Tousif Islam , Javier Roulet , Tejaswi Venumadhav

Detecting stochastic background radiation of cosmological origin is an exciting possibility for current and future gravitational-wave (GW) detectors. However, distinguishing it from other stochastic processes, such as instrumental noise and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-28 Quentin Baghi , Nikolaos Karnesis , Jean-Baptiste Bayle , Marc Besançon , Henri Inchauspé

Future GW observatories, such as the Einstein Telescope (ET), are expected to detect gravitational wave signals, some of which are likely to overlap with each other. This overlap may lead to misidentification as a single GW event,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-19 Cunliang Ma , Weiguang Zhou , Zhoujian Cao
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