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Hierarchical text classification (HTC) is a challenging subtask of multi-label classification due to its complex label hierarchy. Recently, the pretrained language models (PLM)have been widely adopted in HTC through a fine-tuning paradigm.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Zihan Wang , Peiyi Wang , Tianyu Liu , Binghuai Lin , Yunbo Cao , Zhifang Sui , Houfeng Wang

Zero Shot Learning (ZSL) enables a learning model to classify instances of an unseen class during training. While most research in ZSL focuses on single-label classification, few studies have been done in multi-label ZSL, where an instance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-06-02 Ubai Sandouk , Ke Chen

Recently, large-scale visual language pre-trained (VLP) models have demonstrated impressive performance across various downstream tasks. Motivated by these advancements, pioneering efforts have emerged in multi-label image recognition with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Leilei Ma , Hongxing Xie , Lei Wang , Yanping Fu , Dengdi Sun , Haifeng Zhao

As an algorithmic framework for learning to learn, meta-learning provides a promising solution for few-shot text classification. However, most existing research fail to give enough attention to class labels. Traditional basic framework…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Guanghua Hou , Shuhui Cao , Deqiang Ouyang , Ning Wang

Language model (LM) prompting--a popular paradigm for solving NLP tasks--has been shown to be susceptible to miscalibration and brittleness to slight prompt variations, caused by its discriminative prompting approach, i.e., predicting the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Sachin Kumar , Chan Young Park , Yulia Tsvetkov

Multi-label text classification (MLTC) is the task of assigning multiple labels to a given text, and has a wide range of application domains. Most existing approaches require an enormous amount of annotated data to learn a classifier and/or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Muberra Ozmen , Joseph Cotnareanu , Mark Coates

Zero-shot reasoning on text-rich networks (TRNs) remains a challenging frontier, as models must integrate textual semantics with relational structure without task-specific supervision. While graph neural networks rely on fixed label spaces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Yilun Liu , Ruihong Qiu , Zi Huang

We propose a zero-shot learning relation classification (ZSLRC) framework that improves on state-of-the-art by its ability to recognize novel relations that were not present in training data. The zero-shot learning approach mimics the way…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-22 Jiaying Gong , Hoda Eldardiry

Hashing has shown its efficiency and effectiveness in facilitating large-scale multimedia applications. Supervised knowledge e.g. semantic labels or pair-wise relationship) associated to data is capable of significantly improving the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-06-17 Yang Yang , Weilun Chen , Yadan Luo , Fumin Shen , Jie Shao , Heng Tao Shen

Zero-shot inference is a powerful paradigm that enables the use of large pretrained models for downstream classification tasks without further training. However, these models are vulnerable to inherited biases that can impact their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Dyah Adila , Changho Shin , Linrong Cai , Frederic Sala

Multi-label classification (MLC) is an important class of machine learning problems that come with a wide spectrum of applications, each demanding a possibly different evaluation criterion. When solving the MLC problems, we generally expect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Yao-Yuan Yang , Yi-An Lin , Hong-Min Chu , Hsuan-Tien Lin

Multi-label zero-shot classification aims to predict multiple unseen class labels for an input image. It is more challenging than its single-label counterpart. On one hand, the unconstrained number of labels assigned to each image makes the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-03 He Huang , Yuanwei Chen , Wei Tang , Wenhao Zheng , Qing-Guo Chen , Yao Hu , Philip Yu

Zero-Shot Learning (ZSL) promises to scale visual recognition by bypassing the conventional model training requirement of annotated examples for every category. This is achieved by establishing a mapping connecting low-level features and a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-29 Xun Xu , Timothy M. Hospedales , Shaogang Gong

In multi-label text classification (MLTC), each given document is associated with a set of correlated labels. To capture label correlations, previous classifier-chain and sequence-to-sequence models transform MLTC to a sequence prediction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Ximing Zhang , Qian-Wen Zhang , Zhao Yan , Ruifang Liu , Yunbo Cao

Extreme Multi-label Text Classification (XMC) entails selecting the most relevant labels for an instance from a vast label set. Extreme Zero-shot XMC (EZ-XMC) extends this challenge by operating without annotated data, relying only on raw…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Jinbin Zhang , Nasib Ullah , Rohit Babbar

Learning to rank (LTR) plays a crucial role in various Information Retrieval (IR) tasks. Although supervised LTR methods based on fine-grained relevance labels (e.g., document-level annotations) have achieved significant success, their…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Yiteng Tu , Zhichao Xu , Tao Yang , Weihang Su , Yujia Zhou , Yiqun Liu , Fen Lin , Qin Liu , Qingyao Ai

Hierarchical text classification (HTC) is the task of assigning labels to a text within a structured space organized as a hierarchy. Recent works treat HTC as a conventional multilabel classification problem, therefore evaluating it as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Roman Plaud , Matthieu Labeau , Antoine Saillenfest , Thomas Bonald

Traditional text classification approaches often require a good amount of labeled data, which is difficult to obtain, especially in restricted domains or less widespread languages. This lack of labeled data has led to the rise of…

Multi-level Hierarchical Classification (MLHC) tackles the challenge of categorizing items within a complex, multi-layered class structure. However, traditional MLHC classifiers often rely on a backbone model with independent output layers,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Shijing Chen , Mohamed Reda Bouadjenek , Shoaib Jameel , Usman Naseem , Basem Suleiman , Flora D. Salim , Hakim Hacid , Imran Razzak

Many important classification problems in the real-world consist of a large number of closely related categories in a hierarchical structure or taxonomy. Hierarchical multi-label text classification (HMTC) with higher accuracy over large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Pengfei Gao , Jingpeng Zhao , Yinglong Ma , Ahmad Tanvir , Beihong Jin