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Balancing social utility and equity in distributing limited vaccines represents a critical policy concern for protecting against the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic. What is the nature of the trade-off between maximizing collective welfare and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Lin Chen , Fengli Xu , Zhenyu Han , Kun Tang , Pan Hui , James Evans , Yong Li

In response to COVID-19, many countries have mandated social distancing and banned large group gatherings in order to slow down the spread of SARS-CoV-2. These social interventions along with vaccines remain the best way forward to reduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-11 George Li , Ann Li , Madhav Marathe , Aravind Srinivasan , Leonidas Tsepenekas , Anil Vullikanti

The outbreak of COVID-19 led to a record-breaking race to develop a vaccine. However, the limited vaccine capacity creates another massive challenge: how to distribute vaccines to mitigate the near-end impact of the pandemic? In the United…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-07-20 Dimitris Bertsimas , Vassilis Digalakis , Alexander Jacquillat , Michael Lingzhi Li , Alessandro Previero

To mitigate the pandemic stemming from COVID-19, numerous nations have initiated extensive vaccination campaigns for their citizens since late 2020. While affluent countries have predominantly received vaccine allocations, fewer doses have…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-04-01 Hsin-Ju Chou , Jing-Yuan Ko , Sung-Po Chao

Fairness in vaccination is not only important from a social justice point of view, but experience has shown that a fair distribution of vaccine proves more effective in public immunization by preventing highly-concentrated infected areas to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-11 Mohammad Firouz , Linda Li , Daizy Ahmed , Abdulaziz Ahmed

The aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic saw more severe outcomes for racial minority groups and economically-deprived communities. Such disparities can be explained by several factors, including unequal access to healthcare, as well as the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Nicola Neophytou , Afaf Taïk , Golnoosh Farnadi

Covid-19 has caused hundred of thousands of deaths and an economic damage amounting to trillions of dollars, creating a desire for the rapid development of vaccine. Once available, vaccine is gradually produced, evoking the question on how…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-06-30 Jens Grauer , Hartmut Löwen , Benno Liebchen

Various companies have developed vaccines to combat the pandemic caused 2020 by the virus COVID-19. Such vaccines and the distribution can have a major impact on the success of pharmaceutical companies, which in turn can show itself in…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-05-27 Maximilian Vierlboeck , Roshanak Rose Nilchiani

We aim to design a fairness-aware allocation approach to maximize the geographical diversity and avoid unfairness in the sense of demographic disparity. During the development of this work, the COVID-19 pandemic is still spreading in the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Hadis Anahideh , Lulu Kang , Nazanin Nezami

A major focus of debate about rationing guidelines for COVID-19 vaccines is whether and how to prioritize access for minority populations that have been particularly affected by the pandemic, and been the subject of historical and…

General Economics · Economics 2020-09-08 Parag A. Pathak , Harald Schmidt , Adam Solomon , Edwin Song , Tayfun Sönmez , M. Utku Ünver

We use mobile device data to construct empirical interpersonal physical contact networks in the city of Portland, Oregon, both before and after social distancing measures were enacted during the COVID-19 pandemic. These networks reveal how…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-12-17 Gavin S. Hartnett , Edward Parker , Timothy R. Gulden , Raffaele Vardavas , David Kravitz

During the COVID-19 pandemic, there were over three million infections in Los Angeles County (LAC). To facilitate distribution when vaccines first became available, LAC set up six mega-sites for dispensing a large number of vaccines to the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-27 Suyanpeng Zhang , Sze-chuan Suen , Han Yu , Maged Dessouky , Fernando Ordonez

Motivated by COVID-19 vaccine allocation, where vulnerable subpopulations are simultaneously more impacted in terms of health and more disadvantaged in terms of access to the vaccine, we formalize and study the problem of resource…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Kenya Andrews , Mesrob Ohannessian , Tanya Berger-Wolf

This report explores the central question of how socioeconomic status affects Covid19 vaccination rates in the United States, using existing open-source data. In general, a negative correlation exists between Area Deprivation Index (ADI) of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Zi Iun Lai , Jun Yang Ang

The global SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic highlighted the challenge of equitable vaccine distribution between high- and low-income countries. Many high-income countries were reluctant or slow to distribute extra doses of the vaccine to…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-08-21 Abraham Holleran , Susan E. Martonosi , Michael Veatch

Recent re-opening policies in the US, following a period of social distancing measures, introduced a significant increase in daily COVID-19 infections, calling for a roll-back or substantial revisiting of these policies in many states. The…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-07-30 Chaoqi Yang , Ruijie Wang , Fangwei Gao , Dachun Sun , Jiawei Tang , Tarek Abdelzaher

We report a large-scale randomized controlled trial designed to assess whether the partisan cue of a pro-vaccine message from Donald Trump would induce Americans to get COVID-19 vaccines. Our study involved presenting a 27-second…

We conducted a literature review of COVID-19 vaccine allocation modelling papers, specifically looking for publications that considered equity. We found that most models did not take equity into account, with the vast majority of…

Applications · Statistics 2024-09-19 Eva Rumpler , Marc Lipsitch

Although the recent rise and uptake of COVID-19 vaccines in the United States has been encouraging, there continues to be significant vaccine hesitancy in various geographic and demographic clusters of the adult population. Surveys, such as…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-08-05 Sara Melotte , Mayank Kejriwal

The optimal allocation of vaccines to population subgroups over time is a challenging health care management problem. In the context of a pandemic, the interaction between vaccination policies adopted by multiple agents and the cooperation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-22 David Rey , Ahmed W Hammad , Meead Saberi
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