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Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems are a crucial technology that is used today to design a wide variety of applications, most notably, smart assistants, such as Alexa. ASR systems are essentially dialogue systems that employ Spoken…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Moayad Elamin , Muhammad Omer , Yonas Chanie , Henslaac Ndlovu

Natural Language Understanding (NLU) is important in today's technology as it enables machines to comprehend and process human language, leading to improved human-computer interactions and advancements in fields such as virtual assistants,…

Recently deep learning has dominated many machine learning areas, including spoken language understanding (SLU). However, deep learning models are notorious for being data-hungry, and the heavily optimized models are usually sensitive to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Shang-Wen Li , Jason Krone , Shuyan Dong , Yi Zhang , Yaser Al-onaizan

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) is a task that aims to extract semantic information from spoken utterances. Previous research has made progress in end-to-end SLU by using paired speech-text data, such as pre-trained Automatic Speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Guan-Wei Wu , Guan-Ting Lin , Shang-Wen Li , Hung-yi Lee

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) is the problem of extracting the meaning from speech utterances. It is typically addressed as a two-step problem, where an Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model is employed to convert speech into text,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-04 Elisavet Palogiannidi , Ioannis Gkinis , George Mastrapas , Petr Mizera , Themos Stafylakis

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) aims to extract structured semantic representations (e.g., slot-value pairs) from speech recognized texts, which suffers from errors of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). To alleviate the problem caused…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Chen Liu , Su Zhu , Lu Chen , Kai Yu

Intent classification and slot-filling are essential tasks of Spoken Language Understanding (SLU). In most SLUsystems, those tasks are realized by independent modules. For about fifteen years, models achieving both of themjointly and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Nadège Alavoine , Gaëlle Laperriere , Christophe Servan , Sahar Ghannay , Sophie Rosset

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) is an essential part of the spoken dialogue system, which typically consists of intent detection (ID) and slot filling (SF) tasks. Recently, recurrent neural networks (RNNs) based methods achieved the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Peilin Zhou , Zhiqi Huang , Fenglin Liu , Yuexian Zou

Slot filling is a crucial subtask in spoken language understanding (SLU), traditionally implemented as a cascade of speech recognition followed by one or more natural language understanding (NLU) components. The recent advent of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Kadri Hacioglu , Manjunath K E , Andreas Stolcke

Slot filling and intent detection are two highly correlated tasks in spoken language understanding (SLU). Recent SLU research attempts to explore zero-shot prompting techniques in large language models to alleviate the data scarcity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Libo Qin , Fuxuan Wei , Qiguang Chen , Jingxuan Zhou , Shijue Huang , Jiasheng Si , Wenpeng Lu , Wanxiang Che

Recent advanced methods in Natural Language Understanding for Task-oriented Dialogue (TOD) Systems (e.g., intent detection and slot filling) require a large amount of annotated data to achieve competitive performance. In reality,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Hoang H. Nguyen , Chenwei Zhang , Ye Liu , Philip S. Yu

In this paper, we present a method for correcting automatic speech recognition (ASR) errors using a finite state transducer (FST) intent recognition framework. Intent recognition is a powerful technique for dialog flow management in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-22 Piotr Żelasko , Jan Mizgajski , Mikołaj Morzy , Adrian Szymczak , Piotr Szymański , Łukasz Augustyniak , Yishay Carmiel

Multi-intent spoken language understanding (SLU) involves two tasks: multiple intent detection and slot filling, which jointly handle utterances containing more than one intent. Owing to this characteristic, which closely reflects…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Di Wu , Ruiyu Fang , Liting Jiang , Shuangyong Song , Xiaomeng Huang , Shiquan Wang , Zhongqiu Li , Lingling Shi , Mengjiao Bao , Yongxiang Li , Hao Huang

It is expensive and difficult to obtain the large number of sentence-level intent and token-level slot label annotations required to train neural network (NN)-based Natural Language Understanding (NLU) components of task-oriented dialog…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Rashmi Gangadharaiah , Balakrishnan Narayanaswamy

Spoken language understanding (SLU) treats automatic speech recognition (ASR) and natural language understanding (NLU) as a unified task and usually suffers from data scarcity. We exploit an ASR and NLU joint training method based on meta…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-28 Yingying Gao , Junlan Feng , Chao Deng , Shilei Zhang

Multi-intent Spoken Language Understanding has great potential for widespread implementation. Jointly modeling Intent Detection and Slot Filling in it provides a channel to exploit the correlation between intents and slots. However, current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Feifan Song , Lianzhe Huang , Houfeng Wang

Spoken language understanding (SLU) acts as a critical component in goal-oriented dialog systems. It typically involves identifying the speakers intent and extracting semantic slots from user utterances, which are known as intent detection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Mengyang Chen , Jin Zeng , Jie Lou

With the advent of conversational assistants, like Amazon Alexa, Google Now, etc., dialogue systems are gaining a lot of traction, especially in industrial setting. These systems typically consist of Spoken Language understanding component…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-19 Arshit Gupta , John Hewitt , Katrin Kirchhoff

Spoken language understanding (SLU) system usually consists of various pipeline components, where each component heavily relies on the results of its upstream ones. For example, Intent detection (ID), and slot filling (SF) require its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Di Wu , Yiren Chen , Liang Ding , Dacheng Tao

A spoken language understanding (SLU) system includes two main tasks, slot filling (SF) and intent detection (ID). The joint model for the two tasks is becoming a tendency in SLU. But the bi-directional interrelated connections between the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Haihong E , Peiqing Niu , Zhongfu Chen , Meina Song