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The essential ingredient for studying the phenomena of emergence is the ability to generate and manipulate emergent systems that span large scales. Cellular automata are the model class particularly known for their effective scalability but…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Sina Khajehabdollahi , Emmanouil Giannakakis , Victor Buendia , Georg Martius , Anna Levina

Due to the wide range of timescales that are present in macromolecular systems, hierarchical multiscale strategies are necessary for their computational study. Coarse-graining (CG) allows to establish a link between different system…

Cellular automata are interacting classical bits that display diverse emergent behaviors, from fractals to random-number generators to Turing-complete computation. We discover that quantum cellular automata (QCA) can exhibit complexity in…

Exascale computing holds great opportunities for molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. However, to take full advantage of the new possibilities, we must learn how to focus computational power on the discovery of complex molecular mechanisms,…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2019-01-16 Hendrik Jung , Roberto Covino , Gerhard Hummer

Computational power can be measured by assigning an algebraic structure to a computational device. Here, we convert a small patch of Conway's Game of Life into a transformation semigroup. The conversion captures not only time evolution but…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2026-04-17 Attila Egri-Nagy , Chrystopher L. Nehaniv

A cellular automaton is a deterministic and exactly computable dynamical system which mimics certain fundamental aspects of physical dynamics such as spatial locality and finite entropy. CA systems can be constructed which have additional…

comp-gas · Physics 2007-05-23 Norman Margolus

Elementary cellular automata (ECA) present iconic examples of complex systems. Though described only by one-dimensional strings of binary cells evolving according to nearest-neighbour update rules, certain ECA rules manifest complex…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-21 Matthew Ho , Andri Pradana , Thomas J. Elliott , Lock Yue Chew , Mile Gu

Cellular Automata (CA) have long been foundational in simulating dynamical systems computationally. With recent innovations, this model class has been brought into the realm of deep learning by parameterizing the CA's update rule using an…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Magnus Petersen

Counting cells in fluorescent microscopy is a tedious, time-consuming task that researchers have to accomplish to assess the effects of different experimental conditions on biological structures of interest. Although such objects are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-02 R. Morelli , L. Clissa , M. Dalla , M. Luppi , L. Rinaldi , A. Zoccoli

Quantum cellular automata consist in arrays of identical finite-dimensional quantum systems, evolving in discrete-time steps by iterating a unitary operator G. Moreover the global evolution G is required to be causal (it propagates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-09 Pablo Arrighi

We study the problem of instance segmentation in biological images with crowded and compact cells. We formulate this task as an integer program where variables correspond to cells and constraints enforce that cells do not overlap. To solve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-22 Chong Zhang , Shaofei Wang , Miguel A. Gonzalez-Ballester , Julian Yarkony

Cellular automata (CAs) are fully-discrete dynamical models that have received much attention due to the fact that their relatively simple setup can nonetheless express highly complex phenomena. Despite the model's theoretical maturity and…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2025-07-10 Michiel Rollier , Kallil M. C. Zielinski , Aisling J. Daly , Odemir M. Bruno , Jan M. Baetens

The model of cellular automata is fascinating because very simple local rules can generate complex global behaviors. The relationship between local and global function is subject of many studies. We tackle this question by using results on…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-09-29 Christoph Durr , Ivan Rapaport , Guillaume Theyssier

We study a coarse-graining procedure for quantum cellular automata on hypercubic lattices that consists in grouping neighboring cells into tiles and selecting a subspace within each tile. This is done in such a way that multiple evolution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-04 Lorenzo Siro Trezzini , Alessandro Bisio , Paolo Perinotti

Cellular Automata are discrete dynamical systems that evolve following simple and local rules. Despite of its local simplicity, knowledge discovery in CA is a NP problem. This is the main motivation for using data mining techniques for CA…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Gilson A. Giraldi , Antonio A. F. Oliveira , Leonardo Carvalho

While there has been a keen interest in studying computation at the edge of chaos for dynamical systems undergoing a phase transition, this has come under question for cellular automata. We show that for continuously deformed cellular…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2019-04-15 E. Estevez-Rams , D. Estevez-Moya , K. Garcia-Medina , R. Lora-Serrano

We establish, through coarse-grained computation, a connection between traditional, continuum numerical algorithms (initial value problems as well as fixed point algorithms) and atomistic simulations of the Larson model of micelle…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-10 Dmitry I. Kopelevich , Athanassios Z. Panagiotopoulos , Ioannis G. Kevrekidis

Motivated by questions in biology and distributed computing, we investigate the behaviour of particular cellular automata, modelled as one-dimensional arrays of identical finite automata. We investigate what sort of self-stabilising…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2009-11-14 Alan Gibbons , Martyn Amos

We consider the typical asymptotic behaviour of cellular automata of higher dimension (greater than 2). That is, we take an initial configuration at random according to a Bernoulli (i.i.d) probability measure, iterate some cellular…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-02-21 Martin Delacourt , Benjamin Hellouin de Menibus

A novel, information-based classification of elementary cellular automata is proposed that circumvents the problems associated with isolating whether complexity is in fact intrinsic to a dynamical rule, or if it arises merely as a product…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-03-01 Enrico Borriello , Sara Imari Walker