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Our work serves as a framework for unifying the challenges of contemporary explainable AI (XAI). We demonstrate that while XAI methods provide supplementary and potentially useful output for machine learning models, researchers and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Alicja Chaszczewicz

The diffusion of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in organizations and society has fueled research on explaining AI decisions. The explainable AI (xAI) field is rapidly expanding with numerous ways of extracting information and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Julie Gerlings , Arisa Shollo , Ioanna Constantiou

This paper proposes an alternative approach to the basic taxonomy of explanations produced by explainable artificial intelligence techniques. Methods of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) were developed to answer the question why a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Sven Nomm

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has re-emerged in response to the development of modern AI and ML systems. These systems are complex and sometimes biased, but they nevertheless make decisions that impact our lives. XAI systems are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Shane T. Mueller , Elizabeth S. Veinott , Robert R. Hoffman , Gary Klein , Lamia Alam , Tauseef Mamun , William J. Clancey

Recent applications of autonomous agents and robots, such as self-driving cars, scenario-based trainers, exploration robots, and service robots have brought attention to crucial trust-related challenges associated with the current…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Fatai Sado , Chu Kiong Loo , Wei Shiung Liew , Matthias Kerzel , Stefan Wermter

Within the field of Requirements Engineering (RE), the increasing significance of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) in aligning AI-supported systems with user needs, societal expectations, and regulatory standards has garnered…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Timo Speith , Markus Langer

Artificial Intelligence is rapidly advancing and radically impacting everyday life, driven by the increasing availability of computing power. Despite this trend, the adoption of AI in real-world healthcare is still limited. One of the main…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Akshat Dubey , Zewen Yang , Georges Hattab

The black-box nature of artificial intelligence (AI) models has been the source of many concerns in their use for critical applications. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is a rapidly growing research field that aims to create…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Gaith Rjoub , Jamal Bentahar , Omar Abdel Wahab , Rabeb Mizouni , Alyssa Song , Robin Cohen , Hadi Otrok , Azzam Mourad

Research into explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) for data analysis tasks suffer from a large number of contradictions and lack of concrete design recommendations stemming from gaps in understanding the tasks that require AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Hamzah Ziadeh , Hendrik Knoche

The success of artificial intelligence (AI), and deep learning models in particular, has led to their widespread adoption across various industries due to their ability to process huge amounts of data and learn complex patterns. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Wei Jie Yeo , Wihan van der Heever , Rui Mao , Erik Cambria , Ranjan Satapathy , Gianmarco Mengaldo

The field of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has greatly advanced in recent years, but progress has mainly been made in computer vision and natural language processing. For time series, where the input is often not interpretable,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Johanna Vielhaben , Sebastian Lapuschkin , Grégoire Montavon , Wojciech Samek

With recent progress in the field of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) and increasing use in practice, the need for an evaluation of different XAI methods and their explanation quality in practical usage scenarios arises. For this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Marc Hanussek , Falko Kötter , Maximilien Kintz , Jens Drawehn

Both humans and machine learning models learn from experience, particularly in safety- and reliability-critical domains. While psychology seeks to understand human cognition, the field of Explainable AI (XAI) develops methods to interpret…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Roussel Rahman , Aashwin Ananda Mishra , Wan-Lin Hu

The advancements in deep learning-based methods for visual perception tasks have seen astounding growth in the last decade, with widespread adoption in a plethora of application areas from autonomous driving to clinical decision support…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Kumar Abhishek , Deeksha Kamath

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is an emerging research topic of machine learning aimed at unboxing how AI systems' black-box choices are made. This research field inspects the measures and models involved in decision-making and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Guang Yang , Qinghao Ye , Jun Xia

There is a disconnect between explanatory artificial intelligence (XAI) methods and the types of explanations that are useful for and demanded by society (policy makers, government officials, etc.) Questions that experts in artificial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Leilani H. Gilpin , Cecilia Testart , Nathaniel Fruchter , Julius Adebayo

Despite its technological breakthroughs, eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) research has limited success in producing the {\em effective explanations} needed by users. In order to improve XAI systems' usability, practical…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Thu Nguyen , Alessandro Canossa , Jichen Zhu

Explainability of AI models is an important topic that can have a significant impact in all domains and applications from autonomous driving to healthcare. The existing approaches to explainable AI (XAI) are mainly limited to simple machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Poushali Sengupta , Yan Zhang , Sabita Maharjan , Frank Eliassen

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is increasingly rec ognized as essential for deploying machine learning systems in safety critical environments. In Automatic Target Recognition (ATR), where models operate on image, video, radar,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Vanessa Buhrmester , David Muench , Dimitri Bulatov , Michael Arens

In a recent paper, Erasmus et al. (2021) defend the idea that the ambiguity of the term "explanation" in explainable AI (XAI) can be solved by adopting any of four different extant accounts of explanation in the philosophy of science: the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Andrés Páez
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