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A cryptocurrency is a decentralized digital currency that is designed for secure and private asset transfer and storage. As a currency, it should be difficult to counterfeit and double-spend. In this paper, we review and analyze the major…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-26 Ehab Zaghloul , Tongtong Li , Matt Mutka , Jian Ren

Federated learning (FL) is an efficient approach for large-scale distributed machine learning that promises data privacy by keeping training data on client devices. However, recent research has uncovered vulnerabilities in FL, impacting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Felix Marx , Thomas Schneider , Ajith Suresh , Tobias Wehrle , Christian Weinert , Hossein Yalame

In this report, we present our approach for protocol analysis together with a real example where we find an important flow in a contemporary wireless sensor network security protocol. We start by modelling protocols using a specific process…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-05-31 Ender Yüksel

The growing popularity of cloud-based machine learning raises a natural question about the privacy guarantees that can be provided in such a setting. Our work tackles this problem in the context where a client wishes to classify private…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-01-18 Chiraag Juvekar , Vinod Vaikuntanathan , Anantha Chandrakasan

BitVMX is a new design for a virtual CPU to optimistically execute arbitrary programs on Bitcoin based on a challenge response game introduced in BitVM. Similar to BitVM1 we create a general-purpose CPU to be verified in Bitcoin script. Our…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Sergio Demian Lerner , Ramon Amela , Shreemoy Mishra , Martin Jonas , Javier Álvarez Cid-Fuentes

With wearable devices such as smartwatches on the rise in the consumer electronics market, securing these wearables is vital. However, the current security mechanisms only focus on validating the user not the device itself. Indeed,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Hidayet Aksu , A. Selcuk Uluagac , Elizabeth S. Bentley

Certified randomness can be generated with untrusted remote quantum computers using multiple known protocols, one of which has been recently realized experimentally. Unlike the randomness sources accessible on today's classical computers,…

Device-independent security is the gold standard for quantum cryptography: not only is security based entirely on the laws of quantum mechanics, but it holds irrespective of any a priori assumptions on the quantum devices used in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-09 Rotem Arnon , Renato Renner , Thomas Vidick

Ensuring correctness of smart contracts is paramount to ensuring trust in blockchain-based systems. This paper studies the safety and security of smart contracts in the \emph{Azure Blockchain Workbench}, an enterprise…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Yuepeng Wang , Shuvendu K. Lahiri , Shuo Chen , Rong Pan , Isil Dillig , Cody Born , Immad Naseer

Traditionally, wireless network protocols have been designed for performance. Subsequently, as attacks have been identified, patches have been developed. This has resulted in an "arms race" development process of discovering vulnerabilities…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2013-09-12 Jonathan Ponniah , Yih-Chun Hu , P. R. Kumar

The latest Wi-Fi security standard, IEEE 802.11, includes a secure authentication protocol called SAE, whose use is mandatory for WPA3-Personal networks. The protocol is specified at two separate but linked levels: a traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Roberto Metere , Mario Lilli , Luca Arnaboldi , Elvinia Riccobene

Cryptocurrencies and their foundation technology, the Blockchain, are reshaping finance and economics, allowing a decentralized approach enabling trusted applications with no trusted counterpart. More recently, the Blockchain and the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-09-26 Michele Marchesi , Lodovica Marchesi , Roberto Tonelli

Certifying quantum behavior from classically accessible data is essential for secure communication and scalable quantum technologies. While powerful certification methods such as Bell nonlocality and quantum steering exist, their…

Testing network protocol implementations is critical for ensuring the reliability, security, and interoperability of distributed systems. Faults in protocol behavior can lead to vulnerabilities and system failures, especially in real-time…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Changze Huang , Di Wang , Zhi Quan Zhou

The popularity of smart contracts is on the rise, yet breaches in reliability and security linger. Among the many facets of smart contract reliability, we concentrate on faults rooted in out-of-order interactions with contract endpoints. We…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Afonso Falcão , Andreia Mordido , Vasco T. Vasconcelos

In the light of the recent fame of Blockchain technologies, numerous proposals and projects aiming at better practical viability have emerged. However, formally assessing their particularities and benefits has proven to be a difficult task.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-13 Antoine Durand , Elyes Ben-Hamida , David Leporini , Gérard Memmi

With the rapid development of machine learning and a growing concern for data privacy, federated learning has become a focal point of attention. However, attacks on model parameters and a lack of incentive mechanisms hinder the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Yang Li , Chunhe Xia , Wanshuang Lin , Tianbo Wang

The Trusted Platform Module (TPM) is a cryptoprocessor designed to protect integrity and security of modern computers. Communications with the TPM go through the TPM Software Stack (TSS), a popular implementation of which is the open-source…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Yani Ziani , Nikolai Kosmatov , Frédéric Loulergue , Daniel Gracia Pérez , Téo Bernier

Financial fraud cases are on the rise even with the current technological advancements. Due to the lack of inter-organization synergy and because of privacy concerns, authentic financial transaction data is rarely available. On the other…

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent valuable intellectual property (IP), reflecting significant investments in training data, compute, and expertise. Deploying these models on partially trusted or insecure devices introduces substantial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Racchit Jain , Satya Lokam , Yehonathan Refael , Adam Hakim , Lev Greenberg , Jay Tenenbaum