Related papers: The Atmospheric Ghost Correction
Exoplanet atmospheres are usually discussed as tracers of climate, chemistry, and habitability, but they may also preserve signatures of planetary defense. We consider three folklore-motivated deterrents against monsters: reduced…
The most productive tracer of exoplanetary atmospheric escape is the measurement of excess absorption in the near-infrared metastable helium triplet during transits. Atmospheric escape of a close-in planet's atmosphere plays a role in its…
Spatial light modulation is important for many scientific and industrial applications. The spatial light modulator and optical data projector both rely on precisely configurable optical elements to shape a light beam. Here we explore an…
Atmospheric refraction affects to various degrees exoplanet transit, lunar eclipse, as well as stellar occultation observations. Exoplanet retrieval algorithms often use analytical expressions for the column abundance along a ray traversing…
Spatial confounding is a fundamental issue in spatial regression models which arises because spatial random effects, included to approximate unmeasured spatial variation, are typically not independent of covariates in the model. This can…
In ghost imaging scheme, an illuminated light is split into test and reference beams which pass through two different optical systems respectively and an image is constructed by the second-order correlation between the two light beams.…
Retrieval of exoplanetary atmospheric properties from their transmission spectra commonly assumes that the errors in the data are Gaussian and independent. However, non-Gaussian noise can occur due to instrumental or stellar systematics and…
A thermal ghost imaging scheme between two distant parties is proposed and experimentally demonstrated over long-distance optical fibers. In the scheme, the weak thermal light is split into two paths. Photons in one path are spatially…
Deep neural networks have demonstrated superior performance on appearance-based gaze estimation tasks. However, due to variations in person, illuminations, and background, performance degrades dramatically when applying the model to a new…
We construct explicit examples of globally regular static, spherically symmetric solutions in general relativity with scalar and electromagnetic fields, describing traversable wormholes with flat and AdS asymptotics and regular black holes,…
Weather regimes provide a useful framework for describing large-scale atmospheric variability and its impacts on regional weather. Despite extensive study, there is still no universally accepted definition or method for identifying weather…
The wavelength dependent refraction of light in the atmosphere causes the chromatic dispersion of a target on the focal plane of an instrument. This is known as atmospheric dispersion, with one of the consequences being wavelength dependent…
Cosmic shear holds great promise for a precision independent measurement of $\Omega\rm_m$, the mass density of the universe relative to the critical density. The signal is expected to be weak, so a thorough understanding of systematic…
Atmospheric remote spectrometry from space has become in the last 20 years a key component of the Earth monitoring system: their large coverage and deci-kelvin stability have demonstrated their usefulness for weather prediction, atmospheric…
A theory of random-matrix bases is presented, including expressions for orthogonality, completeness and the random-matrix synthesis of arbitrary matrices. This is applied to ghost imaging as the realization of a random-basis reconstruction,…
Atmospheric scintillation is one of the largest sources of error in ground-based spectrophotometry, reducing the precision of astrophysical signals extracted from the time-series of bright objects to that of much fainter objects. Relative…
Numerical weather prediction requires initial estimates of the atmospheric state. Since the atmospheric density field is intricately woven into the atmosphere's governing equations, advancing atmospheric density estimation will improve…
We investigate the feasibility of representing a structured multi-dimensional stellar atmosphere with a single one-dimensional average stratification for the purpose of spectral diagnosis of the atmosphere's average spectrum. In particular…
It is possible to learn a great deal about exoplanet atmospheres even when we cannot spatially resolve the planets from their host stars. In this chapter, we overview the basic techniques used to characterize transiting exoplanets -…
Previous studies have shown that small changes can be monitored in a scattering medium by observing phase shifts in the coda. Passive monitoring of weak changes through ambient noise correlation has already been applied to seismology,…