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Every AI system is deployed by a human organization. In high risk applications, the combined human plus AI system must function as a high-reliability organization in order to avoid catastrophic errors. This short note reviews the properties…
Responsible AI is becoming critical as AI is widely used in our everyday lives. Many companies that deploy AI publicly state that when training a model, we not only need to improve its accuracy, but also need to guarantee that the model…
Artificial intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) have moved from research and pilot projects into everyday business operations, with generative AI accelerating adoption across processes, products, and services. This paper introduces…
With the growing processing power of computing systems and the increasing availability of massive datasets, machine learning algorithms have led to major breakthroughs in many different areas. This development has influenced computer…
In this paper, we propose "Confident AI" as a means to designing Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) systems with both algorithm and user confidence in model predictions and reported results. The 4 basic tenets of…
The era of pervasive computing has resulted in countless devices that continuously monitor users and their environment, generating an abundance of user behavioural data. Such data may support improving the quality of service, but may also…
The range of application of artificial intelligence (AI) is vast, as is the potential for harm. Growing awareness of potential risks from AI systems has spurred action to address those risks, while eroding confidence in AI systems and the…
Auditability is defined as the capacity of AI systems to be independently assessed for compliance with ethical, legal, and technical standards throughout their lifecycle. The chapter explores how auditability is being formalized through…
In August 2024, the EU Artificial Intelligence Act (AIA) came into force, marking the world's first large-scale regulatory framework for AI. Central to the AIA is a risk-based approach, aligning regulatory obligations with the potential…
The utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) applications has experienced tremendous growth in recent years, bringing forth numerous benefits and conveniences. However, this expansion has also provoked ethical concerns, such as privacy…
The risks of frontier AI may require international cooperation, which in turn may require verification: checking that all parties follow agreed-on rules. For instance, states might need to verify that powerful AI models are widely deployed…
Despite recent efforts by the Artificial Intelligence (AI) community to move towards standardised procedures for documenting models, methods, systems or datasets, there is currently no methodology focused on use cases aligned with the…
Fervent calls for more robust governance of the harms associated with artificial intelligence (AI) are leading to the adoption around the world of what regulatory scholars have called a management-based approach to regulation. Recent…
Globally, artificial intelligence (AI) implementation is growing, holding the capability to fundamentally alter organisational processes and decision making. Simultaneously, this brings a multitude of emergent risks to organisations,…
The growing adoption of IoT and cloud computing, combined with rapid advancements in digital technologies, has considerably increased the cyber-attack surface, resulting in increasingly complex and persistent attacks. Traditional security…
The adoption of machine learning (ML) and, more specifically, deep learning (DL) applications into all major areas of our lives is underway. The development of trustworthy AI is especially important in medicine due to the large implications…
This white paper examines the technical foundations of European AI standardization under the AI Act. It explains how harmonized standards enable the presumption of conformity mechanism, describes the CEN/CENELEC standardization process, and…
Cloud computing adoption across industries has revolutionized enterprise operations while introducing significant challenges in compliance management. Organizations must continuously meet evolving regulatory requirements such as GDPR and…
Advances in machine learning (ML) open the way to innovating functions in the avionic domain, such as navigation/surveillance assistance (e.g. vision-based navigation, obstacle sensing, virtual sensing), speechto-text applications,…
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly employed to enhance assistive technologies, yet it can fail in various ways. We conducted a systematic literature review of research into AI-based assistive technology for persons with visual…