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In object detection, the intersection over union (IoU) threshold is frequently used to define positives/negatives. The threshold used to train a detector defines its \textit{quality}. While the commonly used threshold of 0.5 leads to noisy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Zhaowei Cai , Nuno Vasconcelos

Bounding box regression (BBR) is fundamental to object detection, where the regression loss is crucial for accurate localization. Existing IoU-based losses often incorporate handcrafted geometric penalties to address IoU's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Haoyuan Liu , Hiroshi Watanabe

Evaluation protocols play key role in the developmental progress of text detection methods. There are strict requirements to ensure that the evaluation methods are fair, objective and reasonable. However, existing metrics exhibit some…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Yuliang Liu , Lianwen Jin , Zecheng Xie , Canjie Luo , Shuaitao Zhang , Lele Xie

Bounding box regression is the crucial step in object detection. In existing methods, while $\ell_n$-norm loss is widely adopted for bounding box regression, it is not tailored to the evaluation metric, i.e., Intersection over Union (IoU).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Zhaohui Zheng , Ping Wang , Wei Liu , Jinze Li , Rongguang Ye , Dongwei Ren

Unsupervised video-based surgical instrument segmentation has the potential to accelerate the adoption of robot-assisted procedures by reducing the reliance on manual annotations. However, the generally low quality of optical flow in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Yang Liu , Peiran Wu , Jiayu Huo , Gongyu Zhang , Zhen Yuan , Christos Bergeles , Rachel Sparks , Prokar Dasgupta , Alejandro Granados , Sebastien Ourselin

With the rapid development of detectors, Bounding Box Regression (BBR) loss function has constantly updated and optimized. However, the existing IoU-based BBR still focus on accelerating convergence by adding new loss terms, ignoring the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Hao Zhang , Cong Xu , Shuaijie Zhang

Multi-object tracking (MOT) methods often rely on Intersection-over-Union (IoU) for association. However, this becomes unreliable when objects are similar or occluded. Also, computing IoU for segmentation masks is computationally expensive.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Milad Khanchi , Maria Amer , Charalambos Poullis

As scene segmentation systems reach visually accurate results, many recent papers focus on making these network architectures faster, smaller and more efficient. In particular, studies often aim at designingreal-time'systems. Achieving this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Evann Courdier , Francois Fleuret

In object detection, bounding box regression (BBR) is a crucial step that determines the object localization performance. However, we find that most previous loss functions for BBR have two main drawbacks: (i) Both $\ell_n$-norm and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Yi-Fan Zhang , Weiqiang Ren , Zhang Zhang , Zhen Jia , Liang Wang , Tieniu Tan

A major challenge in image segmentation is classifying object boundaries. Recent efforts propose to refine the segmentation result with boundary masks. However, models are still prone to misclassifying boundary pixels even when they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Han Zhang , Zihao Zhang , Wenhao Zheng , Wei Xu

The most popular evaluation metric for object detection in 2D images is Intersection over Union (IoU). Existing implementations of the IoU metric for 3D object detection usually neglect one or more degrees of freedom. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Michael G. Adam , Martin Piccolrovazzi , Sebastian Eger , Eckehard Steinbach

In this paper, we present a joint multi-task learning framework for semantic segmentation and boundary detection. The critical component in the framework is the iterative pyramid context module (PCM), which couples two tasks and stores the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-17 Mingmin Zhen , Jinglu Wang , Lei Zhou , Shiwei Li , Tianwei Shen , Jiaxiang Shang , Tian Fang , Quan Long

Oriented object detection has been developed rapidly in the past few years, where rotation equivariance is crucial for detectors to predict rotated boxes. It is expected that the prediction can maintain the corresponding rotation when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Hang Xu , Xinyuan Liu , Haonan Xu , Yike Ma , Zunjie Zhu , Chenggang Yan , Feng Dai

As an important component of the detector localization branch, bounding box regression loss plays a significant role in object detection tasks. The existing bounding box regression methods usually consider the geometric relationship between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Hao Zhang , Shuaijie Zhang

Optimizing the similarity between parametric shapes is crucial for numerous computer vision tasks, where Intersection over Union (IoU) stands as the canonical measure. However, existing optimization methods exhibit significant shortcomings:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Duy-Tho Le , Trung Pham , Jianfei Cai , Hamid Rezatofighi

Edge detection has long been an important problem in the field of computer vision. Previous works have explored category-agnostic or category-aware edge detection. In this paper, we explore edge detection in the context of object instances.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-07 Xueyan Zou , Haotian Liu , Yong Jae Lee

Object detection using an oriented bounding box (OBB) can better target rotated objects by reducing the overlap with background areas. Existing OBB approaches are mostly built on horizontal bounding box detectors by introducing an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Zhiming Chen , Kean Chen , Weiyao Lin , John See , Hui Yu , Yan Ke , Cong Yang

In response to the growing importance of geospatial data, its analysis including semantic segmentation becomes an increasingly popular task in computer vision today. Convolutional neural networks are powerful visual models that yield…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Alexey Bokhovkin , Evgeny Burnaev

Accurate lesion segmentation in ultrasound images is essential for preventive screening and clinical diagnosis, yet remains challenging due to low contrast, blurry boundaries, and significant scale variations. Although existing deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Chen Wang , Yixin Zhu , Yongbin Zhu , Fengyuan Shi , Qi Li , Jun Wang , Zuozhu Liu , Keli Hu

Non-maximum suppression (NMS) is widely used in object detection pipelines for removing duplicated bounding boxes. The inconsistency between the confidence for NMS and the real localization confidence seriously affects detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Yan Gao , Qimeng Wang , Xu Tang , Haochen Wang , Fei Ding , Jing Li , Yao Hu