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Rotation representations are foundational in fields such as computer graphics, robotics, and machine learning, where precise and efficient modeling of 3D orientations is critical. This paper comprehensively investigates diverse…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Aizierjiang Aiersilan , Haochen Liu , James Hahn

Objects' rigid motions in 3D space are described by rotations and translations of a highly-correlated set of points, each with associated $x,y,z$ coordinates that real-valued networks consider as separate entities, losing information.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Guilherme Vieira , Eleonora Grassucci , Marcos Eduardo Valle , Danilo Comminiello

Rotations and poses are ubiquitous throughout many fields of science and engineering such as robotics, aerospace, computer vision and graphics. In this paper, we provide a complete characterization of rotations and poses in terms of the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Gabriele M T D'Eleuterio , Timothy D Barfoot

The attitude of a rigid-body in the three dimensional space has a unique and global definition on the Special Orthogonal Group SO (3). This paper gives an overview of the rotation matrix, attitude kinematics and parameterization. The four…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-11 Hashim A. Hashim

Classical mathematical techniques such as discrete integration, gradient descent optimization, and state estimation (exemplified by the Runge-Kutta method, Gauss-Newton minimization, and extended Kalman filter or EKF, respectively), rely on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Eduardo Gallo

In the subdivision approach to robot path planning, we need to subdivide the configuration space of a robot into nice cells to perform various computations. For a rigid spatial robot, this configuration space is $SE(3)=\mathbb{R}^3\times…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Zhaoqi Zhang , Chee Yap

In this article, a brief description of Discrete Mechanics and Variational Integrators which preserve the symplectic structure of the flow will be provided and a Newton-Raphson algorithm that can be used to solve implicit equations on the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-01-04 Nikhil Potu Surya Prakash

Relative pose estimation, a fundamental computer vision problem, has been extensively studied for decades. Existing methods either estimate and decompose the essential matrix or directly estimate the rotation and translation to obtain the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Hongbo Zhao , Ziwei Long , Mengtan Zhang , Hanli Wang , Qijun Chen , Rui Fan

This paper revisits the little-known Gibbs-Rodrigues representation of rotations in a three-dimensional space and demonstrates a set of algorithms for handling it. In this representation the rotation is itself represented as a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Ian R. Peterson

This paper presents an experimental study on the application of quaternions in several machine learning algorithms. Quaternion is a mathematical representation of rotation in three-dimensional space, which can be used to represent complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Tianlei Zhu , Renzhe Zhu

Optimal control problems are formulated and efficient computational procedures are proposed for combined orbital and rotational maneuvers of a rigid body in three dimensions. The rigid body is assumed to act under the influence of forces…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-15 Taeyoung Lee , N. Harris McClamroch , Melvin Leok

Many settings in machine learning require the selection of a rotation representation. However, choosing a suitable representation from the many available options is challenging. This paper acts as a survey and guide through rotation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 A. René Geist , Jonas Frey , Mikel Zhobro , Anna Levina , Georg Martius

Single image pose estimation is a fundamental problem in many vision and robotics tasks, and existing deep learning approaches suffer by not completely modeling and handling: i) uncertainty about the predictions, and ii) symmetric objects…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Kieran Murphy , Carlos Esteves , Varun Jampani , Srikumar Ramalingam , Ameesh Makadia

This article introduces yet another representation of rotations in 3-space. The rotations form a 3-dimensional projective space, which fact has not been exploited in Computer Science. We use the four affine patches of this projective space…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2013-04-23 Norman J. Goldstein

Robotics and computer vision problems commonly require handling rigid-body motions comprising translation and rotation - together referred to as pose. In some situations, a vectorial parameterization of pose can be useful, where elements of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Timothy D. Barfoot , James R. Forbes , Gabriele M. T. D'Eleuterio

This paper revisits the topic of rotation estimation through the lens of special unitary matrices. We begin by reformulating Wahba's problem using $SU(2)$ to derive multiple solutions that yield linear constraints on corresponding…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Akshay Chandrasekhar

Pose estimation, i.e. predicting a 3D rigid transformation with respect to a fixed co-ordinate frame in, SE(3), is an omnipresent problem in medical image analysis with applications such as: image rigid registration, anatomical standard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-18 Benjamin Hou , Nina Miolane , Bishesh Khanal , Matthew C. H. Lee , Amir Alansary , Steven McDonagh , Jo V. Hajnal , Daniel Rueckert , Ben Glocker , Bernhard Kainz

We present an operational reconstruction of the well-known two-to-one homomorphism between the groups $SU(2)$ and $SO(3)$, grounded in the physical description of quantum state preparation and evolution. Starting from the connection between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 V. G. Valle , B. F. Rizzuti

The $\mathrm{SE}(3)$ invariants of a pose include its rotation angle and screw translation. In this paper, we present a complete comprehensive study of the relative pose estimation problem for a calibrated camera constrained by known…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Bo Li , Evgeniy Martyushev , Gim Hee Lee

It is well known that a rigid motion of the Euclidean plane can be written as the composition of at most three reflections. It is perhaps not so widely known that a similar result holds for Euclidean space in any number of dimensions. The…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2024-06-14 P. Gothen , A. Guedes de Oliveira
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