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This paper introduces a series of methods for traversing binary decision trees using arithmetic operations. We present a suite of binary tree traversal algorithms that leverage novel representation matrices to flatten the full binary tree…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Jinxiong Zhang

In this paper we present a new algorithm for learning oblique decision trees. Most of the current decision tree algorithms rely on impurity measures to assess the goodness of hyperplanes at each node while learning a decision tree in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-10-16 Naresh Manwani , P. S. Sastry

Nonlinear metrics, such as the F1-score, Matthews correlation coefficient, and Fowlkes-Mallows index, are often used to evaluate the performance of machine learning models, in particular, when facing imbalanced datasets that contain more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Emir Demirović , Peter J. Stuckey

While most methods for solving mixed-integer optimization problems compute a single optimal solution, a diverse set of near-optimal solutions can often lead to improved outcomes. We present a new method for finding a set of diverse…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Izuwa Ahanor , Hugh Medal , Andrew C. Trapp

We study computational aspects of a key problem in robust statistics -- the penalized least trimmed squares (LTS) regression problem, a robust estimator that mitigates the influence of outliers in data by capping residuals with large…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-15 Xiang Meng , Andrés Gómez , Rahul Mazumder

We address the problem of learning binary decision trees that partition data for some downstream task. We propose to learn discrete parameters (i.e., for tree traversals and node pruning) and continuous parameters (i.e., for tree split…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Valentina Zantedeschi , Matt J. Kusner , Vlad Niculae

Neural Networks and Decision Trees: two popular techniques for supervised learning that are seemingly disconnected in their formulation and optimization method, have recently been combined in a single construct. The connection pivots on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-27 Giuseppe Nuti , Lluís Antoni Jiménez Rugama , Kaspar Thommen

Evidence suggests that oblique splits can significantly enhance the performance of decision trees. This paper explores the optimization of high-dimensional oblique splits for decision tree construction, establishing the Sufficient Impurity…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-24 Chien-Ming Chi

We propose a unified framework to address a family of classical mixed-integer optimization problems with logically constrained decision variables, including network design, facility location, unit commitment, sparse portfolio selection,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-10-19 Dimitris Bertsimas , Ryan Cory-Wright , Jean Pauphilet

Research in reinforcement learning has produced algorithms for optimal decision making under uncertainty that fall within two main types. The first employs a Bayesian framework, where optimality improves with increased computational time.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-09-22 Christos Dimitrakakis

Incorporating domain-specific constraints into machine learning models is essential for generating predictions that are both accurate and feasible in real-world applications. This paper introduces new methods for training Output-Constrained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Hüseyin Tunç , Doğanay Özese , Ş. İlker Birbil , Donato Maragno , Marco Caserta , Mustafa Baydoğan

Decision forest algorithms typically model data by learning a binary tree structure recursively where every node splits the feature space into two sub-regions, sending examples into the left or right branch as a result. In axis-aligned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Mathieu Guillame-Bert , Sebastian Bruch , Petr Mitrichev , Petr Mikheev , Jan Pfeifer

In this work, we propose a novel node splitting method for regression trees and incorporate it into the regression forest framework. Unlike traditional binary splitting, where the splitting rule is selected from a predefined set of binary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-07-16 Kota Hara , Rama Chellappa

We present an algorithm, called the Offset Tree, for learning to make decisions in situations where the payoff of only one choice is observed, rather than all choices. The algorithm reduces this setting to binary classification, allowing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-05 Alina Beygelzimer , John Langford

There are many approaches for training decision trees. This work introduces a novel gradient-based method for constructing decision trees that optimize arbitrary differentiable loss functions, overcoming the limitations of heuristic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Andrei V. Konstantinov , Lev V. Utkin

A decision tree recursively splits a feature space $\mathbb{R}^{d}$ and then assigns class labels based on the resulting partition. Decision trees have been part of the basic machine-learning toolkit for decades. A large body of work treats…

Finding tight bounds on the optimal solution is a critical element of practical solution methods for discrete optimization problems. In the last decade, decision diagrams (DDs) have brought a new perspective on obtaining upper and lower…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-28 Quentin Cappart , Emmanuel Goutierre , David Bergman , Louis-Martin Rousseau

We use cutting-edge mixed integer optimization (MIO) methods to develop a framework for detection and estimation of structural breaks in time series regression models. The framework is constructed based on the least squares problem subject…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-05-12 Artem Prokhorov , Peter Radchenko , Alexander Semenov , Anton Skrobotov

Extreme classification problems are multiclass and multilabel classification problems where the number of outputs is so large that straightforward strategies are neither statistically nor computationally viable. One strategy for dealing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-02-05 Paul Mineiro , Nikos Karampatziakis

The problem of designing bit-to-pattern mappings and power allocation schemes for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems that employ subcarrier index modulation (IM) is considered. We assume the binary source conveys a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Justin P. Coon , Mihai-Alin Badiu , Ye Liu , Ferhat Yarkin , Shuping Dang
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