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It is known that the combinatorial classes in the cohomology of the mapping class group of punctures surfaces defined by Witten and Kontsevich are polynomials in the adjusted Miller-Morita-Mumford classes. The leading coefficient was…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2014-11-11 Kiyoshi Igusa , Michael Kleber

We present a world-sheet formula for all tree level scattering amplitudes, in all trace sectors, of four dimensional $\mathcal{N} \leq 4$ supersymmetric Einstein-Yang-Mills theory, based on the refined scattering equations. This generalizes…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-09-13 Kai A. Roehrig

Representations of Spin groups and Clifford algebras derived from the structure of qubit trees are introduced in this work. For ternary trees the construction is more general and reduction to binary trees is formally defined by deletion of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-06 Alexander Yu. Vlasov

We study some sequences of polynomials that appear when we consider the successive derivatives of the tree function (or Lambert's W function). We show in particular that they are related with a generalization of Cayley trees, called Greg…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-13 Matthieu Josuat-Vergès

A new tree model is introduced based on ordered trees, by distinguishing exactly one child of each node that \emph{has} children. The basic enumeration leads to a cubic equation of the generating function. The extraction of its coefficients…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-27 Helmut Prodinger

Tree-level scattering amplitudes for a scalar particle coupled to an arbitrary number N of photons and a single graviton are computed. We employ the worldline formalism as the main tool to compute the irreducible part of the amplitude,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-08-04 Naser Ahmadiniaz , Filippo Maria Balli , Olindo Corradini , José Manuel Dávila , Christian Schubert

We show that critical parking trees conditioned to be fully parked converge in the scaling limits towards the Brownian growth-fragmentation tree, a self-similar Markov tree different from Aldous' Brownian tree recently introduced and…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-24 Alice Contat , Nicolas Curien

The "amplituhedron" for tree-level scattering amplitudes in the bi-adjoint $\phi^3$ theory is given by the ABHY associahedron in kinematic space, which has been generalized to give a realization for all finite-type cluster algebra…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-08-02 Nima Arkani-Hamed , Song He , Giulio Salvatori , Hugh Thomas

We initiate a study of the growth and matrix-valued Hilbert series of non-negatively graded twisted Calabi-Yau algebras that are homomorphic images of path algebras of weighted quivers, generalizing techniques previously used to investigate…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2019-09-26 Manuel L. Reyes , Daniel Rogalski

A compacted binary tree is a directed acyclic graph encoding a binary tree in which common subtrees are factored and shared, such that they are represented only once. We show that the number of compacted binary trees of size $n$ grows…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-04 Andrew Elvey Price , Wenjie Fang , Michael Wallner

We review applications of Yangain symmetry to high-energy QCD phenomenology. Some basic facts about high-energy QCD are recalled, in particular the spinor-helicity form of scattering amplitudes, the scale evolution equations of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-06-28 R. Kirschner

Pion scattering amplitudes were recently found to vanish on specific kinematic loci, and to factorise close to these loci into a product of two lower-point amplitudes of an extended theory. We propose a diagrammatic representation of pion…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-10-31 Yang Li , Tianzhi Wang , Tomáš Brauner , Diederik Roest

We review Bacry and Levy-Leblond's work on possible kinematics as applied to 2-dimensional spacetimes, as well as the nine types of 2-dimensional Cayley-Klein geometries, illustrating how the Cayley-Klein geometries give homogeneous…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-04-24 Alan McRae

We prove that quadratic regular algebras of global dimension three on degree-one generators are related to graded skew Clifford algebras. In particular, we prove that almost all such algebras may be constructed as a twist of either a…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2017-05-31 Manizheh Nafari , Michaela Vancliff , Jun Zhang

We show how one-loop corrections to scattering amplitudes of scalars and gauge bosons can be obtained from tree amplitudes in one higher dimension. Starting with a complete tree-level scattering amplitude of n+2 particles in five…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-08-24 Freddy Cachazo , Song He , Ellis Ye Yuan

The correlators of large-scale fluctuations belong to the most important observables in modern cosmology. Recently, there have been considerable efforts in analytically understanding the cosmological correlators and the related wavefunction…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-03-14 Bingchu Fan , Zhong-Zhi Xianyu

We establish an efficient polynomial-complexity algorithm for one-loop calculations, based on generalized $D$-dimensional unitarity. It allows automated computations of both cut-constructible {\it and} rational parts of one-loop scattering…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-09-17 Walter T. Giele , Zoltan Kunszt , Kirill Melnikov

The effective action includes all quantum corrections arising in a given quantum field theory. Thus it serves as a powerful generating functional from which quantum-corrected scattering amplitudes can be constructed via tree-level…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-05-05 Benjamin Knorr , Samuel Pirlo , Chris Ripken , Frank Saueressig

Much information about a graph can be obtained by studying its spanning trees. On the other hand, a graph can be regarded as a 1-dimensional cell complex, raising the question of developing a theory of trees in higher dimension. As observed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-24 Art M. Duval , Caroline J. Klivans , Jeremy L. Martin

We generalize the concept of ascending and descending runs from permutations to rooted labelled trees and mappings, i.e., functions from the set $\{1, \dots, n\}$ into itself. A combinatorial decomposition of the corresponding functional…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-06 Marie-Louise Lackner , Alois Panholzer