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We compute tree-level $n$-point scattering amplitudes in scalar field theories in terms of geometric invariants on a fibre bundle. All 0- and 2-derivative interactions are incorporated into a metric on this bundle. The on-shell amplitudes…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-09-26 Mohammad Alminawi , Ilaria Brivio , Joe Davighi

Finding Ricci-flat (Calabi-Yau) metrics is a long standing problem in geometry with deep implications for string theory and phenomenology. A new attack on this problem uses neural networks to engineer approximations to the Calabi-Yau metric…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-06-10 Per Berglund , Giorgi Butbaia , Tristan Hübsch , Vishnu Jejjala , Damián Mayorga Peña , Challenger Mishra , Justin Tan

We consider scattering amplitudes in planar N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in special kinematics where all external four-dimensional momenta are restricted to a (1+1)-dimensional subspace. The amplitudes are known to satisfy…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-05 Timothy Goddard , Paul Heslop , Valentin V. Khoze

We present a general construction of two types of differential forms, based on any $(n{-}3)$-dimensional subspace in the kinematic space of $n$ massless particles. The first type is the so-called projective, scattering forms in kinematic…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-08-29 Song He , Gongwang Yan , Chi Zhang , Yong Zhang

Binomial Cayley graphs are obtained by considering the binomial coefficient of the weight function of a given Cayley graph and a natural number. We introduce these objects and study two families: one associated with symmetric groups and the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-06 Bernat Bassols-Cornudella , Francesco Viganò

We show how to apply the BCFW recursion relation to Feynman loop integrals with the help of the Feynman-tree theorem. We deconstruct in this way all Feynman diagrams in terms of on-shell subamplitudes. Every cut originating from the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-05-18 M. Maniatis , C. M. Reyes

Some time ago the general tree-level scattering amplitudes of N=4 Super Yang-Mills theory were expressed as certain Grassmannian contour integrals. These remarkable formulas allow to clearly expose the super-conformal, dual super-conformal,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-22 Livia Ferro , Tomasz Lukowski , Matthias Staudacher

We study the asymptotic number of certain monotonically labeled increasing trees arising from a generalized evolution process. The main difference between the presented model and the classical model of binary increasing trees is that the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-30 Olivier Bodini , Antoine Genitrini , Bernhard Gittenberger , Stephan Wagner

Cayley's formula states that the number of labelled trees on $n$ vertices is $n^{n-2}$, and many of the current proofs involve complex structures or rigorous computation. We present a bijective proof of the formula by providing an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-08 Steven Hao , Andrew He , Ray Li , Scott Wu

We present a version of the weighted cellular matrix-tree theorem that is suitable for calculating explicit generating functions for spanning trees of highly structured families of simplicial and cell complexes. We apply the result to give…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-24 Ghodratollah Aalipour , Art M. Duval , Woong Kook , Kang-Ju Lee , Jeremy L. Martin

In this note, we derive and interpret hidden zeros of tree-level amplitudes of various theories, including Yang-Mills, non-linear sigma model, special Galileon, Dirac-Born-Infeld, and gravity, by utilizing universal expansions of tree-level…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-05 Hao Huang , Ye Yang , Kang Zhou

A record of a rooted Cayley tree is a node whose label is the largest along the unique path to the root. In this work, we find elegant functional equations relating the generating functions for records of rooted Cayley trees and for records…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-15 Adrián Lillo , Mercedes Rosas , Stefan Trandafir

We describe arithmetic computations in terms of operations on some well known free algebras (S1S, S2S and ordered rooted binary trees) while emphasizing the common structure present in all them when seen as isomorphic with the set of…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2013-01-03 Paul Tarau

A formalism is provided to calculate tree amplitudes in open superstring theory for any multiplicity at any order in the inverse string tension. We point out that the underlying world-sheet disk integrals share substantial properties with…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-10-10 Johannes Broedel , Oliver Schlotterer , Stephan Stieberger

We apply the matrix-tree theorem to establish a link between various diagrammatic and determinant expressions, which naturally appear in scattering amplitudes of gravity theories. Using this link we are able to give a general…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-05 Bo Feng , Song He

In flat space, the color/kinematics duality states that perturbative Yang-Mills amplitudes can be written in such a way that kinematic numerators obey the same Jacobi relations as their color factors. This remarkable duality implies BCJ…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-03-17 Connor Armstrong , Arthur E. Lipstein , Jiajie Mei

Soft theorems describe the behavior of scattering amplitudes when one or several external particles are taken to be energetically soft. In tree-level gravity there are universal soft theorems for the three leading orders in the soft…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-04-24 Eivind Jørstad , Sruthi A. Narayanan

Several hook summation formulae for binary trees have appeared recently in the literature. In this paper we present an analogous formula for unordered increasing trees of size r, which involves r parameters. The right-hand side can be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-04-22 Valentin Féray , I. P. Goulden

This paper describes the reconstruction of the topological string partition function for certain local Calabi-Yau (CY) manifolds from the quantum curve, an ordinary differential equation obtained by quantising their defining equations.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-09-23 Ioana Coman , Elli Pomoni , Jörg Teschner

We give evidence that the all genus amplitudes of topological string theory on compact elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau manifolds can be written in terms of meromorphic Jacobi forms whose weight grows linearly and whose index grows…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-01-26 Min-xin Huang , Sheldon Katz , Albrecht Klemm