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Between 1997 and 2004 several observing runs were conducted mainly with the CTIO 0.9 m to image ICRF counterparts (mostly QSOs) in order to determine accurate optical positions. Contemporary to these deep CCD images the same fields were…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Norbert Zacharias , Marion I. Zacharias

In this paper we outline several problems related to the realization of the international celestial and terrestrial reference frames ICRF and ITRF at the millimeter level of accuracy, with emphasis on ICRF issues. The main topics considered…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-06-11 Zinovy Malkin , Harald Schuh , Chopo Ma , Sebastien Lambert

Using photometric variability information from the new Gaia DR3 release, I show for the first time that photometric variability is inversely correlated with the prevalence of optical-radio position offsets in the active galactic nuclei…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-11-30 Nathan Secrest

The Hipparcos catalog provides the first epoch of the celestial reference frame (CRF) in the optical domain and serves as an indispensable tool to verify and improve the Gaia CRF for the brighter stars ($V<11$ mag) and to identify the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-05 Valeri V. Makarov

Using very long baseline interferometry data for the sources that comprise the third International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF3), we examine the quality of the formal source position uncertainties of ICRF3 by determining the excess…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-05 Phil Cigan , Valeri Makarov , Nathan Secrest , David Gordon , Megan Johnson , Sebastien Lambert

We investigate a sample of 3412 {\it International Celestial Reference Frame} (ICRF3) extragalactic radio-loud sources with accurate positions determined by VLBI in the S/X band, mostly active galactic nuclei (AGN) and quasars, which are…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-03-20 Valeri V. Makarov , Ciprian T. Berghea , Julien Frouard , Alan Fey , Henrique R. Schmitt

Astrophysical space missions deliver invaluable information about our universe, stellar dynamics of our galaxy, and motion of celestial bodies in the solar system. Astrometric space missions SIM and Gaia will determine distances to stars…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Sergei Kopeikin

The celestial reference frame is realized by absolute positions of extragalactic sources that are assumed to be fixed in the space. The fixing of the axes is one of the crucial points for the International Celestial Reference System (ICRS)…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-14 Niu Liu , Sebastien Lambert , Felicitas Arias , Jia-Cheng. Liu , Zi Zhu

Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Independent Component Analysis (ICA) are used to identify global patterns in solar and space data. PCA seeks orthogonal modes of the two-point correlation matrix constructed from a data set. It…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 A. C. Cadavid , J. K. Lawrence , A. Ruzmaikin

The alignment between the radio-based International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF) and the optical Gaia Celestial Reference Frame (Gaia-CRF) is critical for multi-waveband astronomy, yet systematic offsets at the optical bright end (G<13)…

The goal of this presentation is to report the latest progress in creation of the next generation of VLBI-based International Celestial Reference Frame, ICRF3. Two main directions of ICRF3 development are improvement of the S/X-band frame…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-26 Z. Malkin , C. S. Jacobs , F. Arias , D. Boboltz , J. Boehm , S. Bolotin , G. Bourda , P. Charlot , A. De Witt , A. Fey , R. Gaume , R. Heinkelmann , S. Lambert , C. Ma , A. Nothnagel , M. Seitz , D. Gordon , E. Skurikhina , J. Souchay , O. Titov

Previous studies based on the latest realisation of the International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF3) have suggested a correlation between astrometric properties (such as the radio-optical offset) and redshift for active galactic nuclei…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-01 Zhiyun Zhang , N. Liu , Xiaxuan Zhang , I. Nurul Huda , Sufen Guo , Z. Zhu , J. -C. Liu , J. Yao , Z. -W. Wang , H. -F. Yu , D. -D. Zhang

A tool for representation of the one-dimensional astrometric signal of Gaia is described and investigated in terms of fit discrepancy and astrometric performance with respect to number of parameters required. The proposed basis function is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-12 Dr Mario Gai , Rossella Cancelliere , Deborah Busonero

Gaia data release 2 (DR2) provides the best non-rotating optical frame aligned with the radio frame (ICRF) thanks to the inclusion of about half-million quasars in the 5-parameter astrometric solution. Given their crucial diagnostic role…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-10-25 Shilong Liao , Beatric Bucciarelli , Zhaoxiang Qi , Sufen Guo , Zihuang Cao , Zhenghong Tang

We extend previous works by considering two additional radio frequencies (K band and X/Ka band) with the aim to study the frequency dependence of the source positions and its potential connection with the physical properties of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-18 Niu Liu , Sebastien Lambert , Patrick Charlot , Zi Zhu , Jia-Cheng Liu , Nan Jiang , Xiao-Sheng Wan , Cheng-Yu Ding

Wavefront sensing involves estimating the phase and intensity of light, enabling a wide range of imaging applications, from adaptive optics and astronomy to biomedical imaging. Since conventional image sensors can only measure the spatial…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-07 Nebiyou Yismaw , Vishwanath Saragadam , Aswin C. Sankaranarayanan , M. Salman Asif

A new list of physical characteristics of 4261 astrometric radio sources, including all 717 ICRF-Ext.2 sources has been compiled. Comparison of our data of optical characteristics with the official International Earth Rotation and Reference…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Oleg Titov , Zinovy Malkin

Using the light curve time series data for more than 11.7 million variable sources published in the Gaia Data Release 3, the average magnitudes, colors, and variability parameters have been computed for 0.836 million Gaia CRF objects, which…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-09-02 Valeri V. Makarov

A new international Pilot Project for the re-determination of the ICRF was initiated by the International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS) in January 2005. The purpose of this project is to compare the individual CRF solutions…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-03-19 Julia Sokolova , Zinovy Malkin

Accurate alignment of the radio and optical celestial reference frames requires detailed understanding of physical factors that may cause offsets between the positions of the same object measured in different spectral bands. Opacity in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-07-21 Y. Y. Kovalev , A. P. Lobanov , A. B. Pushkarev , J. A. Zensus