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Many current neural networks for medical imaging generalise poorly to data unseen during training. Such behaviour can be caused by networks overfitting easy-to-learn, or statistically dominant, features while disregarding other potentially…

In order to improve image quality of projection in industrial applications, generally, a standard method is to increase the current or exposure time, which might cause overexposure of detector units in areas of thin objects or backgrounds.…

We propose a novel spectral vision transformer architecture for efficient tokenization in limited data, with an emphasis on medical imaging. We outline convenient theoretical properties arising from the choice of basis including spatial…

Recently, spectral CT has been drawing a lot of attention in a variety of clinical applications primarily due to its capability of providing quantitative information about material properties. The quantitative integrity of the reconstructed…

In this paper, we present a Hybrid Spectral Denoising Transformer (HSDT) for hyperspectral image denoising. Challenges in adapting transformer for HSI arise from the capabilities to tackle existing limitations of CNN-based methods in…

Current self-supervised denoising methods for paired noisy images typically involve mapping one noisy image through the network to the other noisy image. However, after measuring the spectral bias of such methods using our proposed Image…

Quantitative imaging is an important feature of spectral X-ray and CT systems, especially photon-counting CT (PCCT) imaging systems, which is achieved through material decomposition (MD) using spectral measurements. In this work, we present…

Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) enables material-specific imaging through acquisitions at two different X-ray energy spectra. Material decomposition from DECT data is an ill-posed inverse problem that is highly sensitive to noise…

Enhanced-accuracy ion-range verification in real time shall enable a significant step forward in the use of therapeutic ion beams. Positron-emission tomography (PET) and prompt-gamma imaging (PGI) are two of the most promising and…

In spectral CT reconstruction, the basis materials decomposition involves solving a large-scale nonlinear system of integral equations, which is highly ill-posed mathematically. This paper proposes a model that parameterizes the attenuation…

Cone-beam CT (CBCT) is installed in the treatment room to facilitate online clinical applications, including image guidance in radiation and surgery. Half-fan and short-can are the commonly used modes in clinical applications to expand the…

In this work, we propose a strategy to sense quantitatively and specifically cations, out of a single organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) device exposed to an electrolyte. From the systematic study of six different chloride salts over…

Spectral computed tomography (CT) offers the possibility to reconstruct attenuation images at different energy levels, which can be then used for material decomposition. However, traditional methods reconstruct each energy bin individually…

Improving the spatial resolution of CT images is a meaningful yet challenging task, often accompanied by the issue of noise amplification. This article introduces an innovative framework for noise-controlled CT super-resolution utilizing…

Increasing use of CT in modern medical practice has raised concerns over associated radiation dose. Reduction of radiation dose associated with CT can increase noise and artifacts, which can adversely affect diagnostic confidence. Denoising…

Anatomical structures such as blood vessels in contrast-enhanced CT (ceCT) images can be challenging to segment due to the variability in contrast medium diffusion. The combined use of ceCT and contrast-free (CT) CT images can improve the…

Cardiovascular diseases, particularly arrhythmias, remain a leading global cause of mortality, necessitating continuous monitoring via the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). However, state-of-the-art deep learning approaches often impose…

Computed tomography (CT) is a popular medical imaging modality in clinical applications. At the same time, the x-ray radiation dose associated with CT scans raises public concerns due to its potential risks to the patients. Over the past…

Knowledge Distillation (KD) has achieved widespread success in compressing large Vision Transformers (ViTs), but a unified theoretical framework for both ViTs and KD is still lacking. In this paper, we propose SpectralKD, a novel unified…

Porous materials are widely used in different applications, in particular they are used to create various filters. Their quality depends on parameters that characterize the internal structure such as porosity, permeability and so on.…