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Related papers: Toward Building Science Discovery Machines

200 papers

Modern science is reaching a critical inflection point. Instruments across disciplines, from particle physics and astronomy to genomics and climate modeling, now produce data of such scale, diversity, and interdependence that traditional…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2026-03-10 Ke Li , Beijiang Liu , Bruce Mellado , Changzheng Yuan , Zhengde Zhang

Building machines that learn and think like humans is essential not only for cognitive science, but also for computational neuroscience, whose ultimate goal is to understand how cognition is implemented in biological brains. A new cognitive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Nikolaus Kriegeskorte , Robert M. Mok

Recent developments in machine learning have pushed the tasks that machines can do outside the boundaries of what was thought to be possible years ago. Methodologies such as deep learning or generative models have achieved complex tasks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Eduardo C. Garrido Merchán , Martín Molina

Scientific research is a major driving force in a knowledge based economy. Income, health and wellbeing depend on scientific progress. The better we understand the inner workings of the scientific enterprise, the better we can prompt,…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2015-03-12 Michael Ginda , Andrea Scharnhorst , Katy Borner

Data-driven approaches are becoming more common as problem-solving techniques in many areas of research and industry. In most cases, machine learning models are the key component of these solutions, but a solution involves multiple such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Parisa Kordjamshidi , Dan Roth , Kristian Kersting

Front-following is more technically difficult to implement than the other two human following technologies, but front-following technology is more practical and can be applied in more areas to solve more practical problems. Front-following…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Jinwei Lin

Autonomous Science is a field of study which aims to extend the autonomy of exploration robots from low level functionality, such as on-board perception and obstacle avoidance, to science autonomy, which allows scientists to specify…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-12-29 Akash Arora , Robert Fitch , Salah Sukkarieh

The rapid advancement of machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven techniques is revolutionizing materials discovery, property prediction, and material design by minimizing human intervention and accelerating scientific…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-01-06 Dilshod Nematov , Mirabbos Hojamberdiev

The rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) will bring with it an ever-increasing willingness to cede decision-making to machines. But rather than just giving machines the power to make decisions that affect us, we need ways to work…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Elisa Bertino , Finale Doshi-Velez , Maria Gini , Daniel Lopresti , David Parkes

Artificial intelligence (AI) methods are poised to revolutionize intellectual work, with generative AI enabling automation of text analysis, text generation, and simple decision making or reasoning. The impact to science is only just…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Kevin G. Yager

A rising vision for AI in the open world centers on the development of systems that can complement humans for perceptual, diagnostic, and reasoning tasks. To date, systems aimed at complementing the skills of people have employed models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Bryan Wilder , Eric Horvitz , Ece Kamar

We here analyse the question of developing artificial consciousness from an evolutionary perspective, taking the evolution of the human brain and its relation with consciousness as a reference model. This kind of analysis reveals several…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-30 Michele Farisco , Kathinka Evers , Jean-Pierre Changeux

The application of machine learning in sciences has seen exciting advances in recent years. As a widely applicable technique, anomaly detection has been long studied in the machine learning community. Especially, deep neural nets-based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-03 Taoli Cheng

Scientific discovery increasingly entails long-horizon exploration of complex hypothesis spaces, yet most existing approaches emphasize final performance while offering limited insight into how scientific exploration unfolds over time,…

AI for Science (AI4Science), particularly in the form of self-driving labs, has the potential to sideline human involvement and hinder scientific discovery within the broader community. While prior research has focused on ensuring the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Chase Yakaboski , Gregory Hyde , Clement Nyanhongo , Eugene Santos

Drug discovery is adapting to novel technologies such as data science, informatics, and artificial intelligence (AI) to accelerate effective treatment development while reducing costs and animal experiments. AI is transforming drug…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Catrin Hasselgren , Tudor I. Oprea

One of the ambitions of artificial intelligence is to root artificial intelligence deeply in basic science while developing brain-inspired artificial intelligence platforms that will promote new scientific discoveries. The challenges are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Jingan Yang , Yang Peng

The brain is a remarkably capable and efficient system. It can process and store huge amounts of noisy and unstructured information using minimal energy. In contrast, current artificial intelligence (AI) systems require vast resources for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Michalis Pagkalos , Roman Makarov , Panayiota Poirazi

How useful can machine learning be in a quantum laboratory? Here we raise the question of the potential of intelligent machines in the context of scientific research. A major motivation for the present work is the unknown reachability of…

While LLMs have shown impressive capabilities in solving math or coding problems, the ability to make scientific discoveries remains a distinct challenge. This paper proposes a "Turing test for an AI scientist" to assess whether an AI agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Xiaoxin Yin