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The problem of minimizing convex functionals of probability distributions is solved under the assumption that the density of every distribution is bounded from above and below. A system of sufficient and necessary first-order optimality…
In extracting predictions from theories that describe a multiverse, we face the difficulty that we must assess probability distributions over possible observations, prescribed not just by an underlying theory, but by a theory together with…
Classical Kolmogorov's and Rosenthal's inequalities for the maximum partial sums of random variables are basic tools for studying the strong laws of large numbers. In this paper, motived by the notion of independent and identically…
We establish a comparison principle for viscosity subsolutions and supersolutions of a broad class of second-order quasilinear, maximally subelliptic PDEs on general manifolds. In fact, we prove the comparison theorem for a larger class of…
This paper addresses the problem of stochastic optimization with decision-dependent uncertainty, a class of problems where the probability distribution of the uncertain parameters is influenced by the decision-maker's actions. While recent…
Recently, continuum Microkinetic Rate Theory (cMRT) has been advanced as a method of studying rates of systems, where deviations between observation and cMRT theory have been found, and it hypothesized that these deviations are linked…
Variational Inference is a powerful tool in the Bayesian modeling toolkit, however, its effectiveness is determined by the expressivity of the utilized variational distributions in terms of their ability to match the true posterior…
The current form of Tsallis distribution for a Hamiltonian system with an arbitrary potential is found to represent a simple isothermal situation. In this letter, the q-exponential of a sum can be applied as the product of the q-exponential…
Distribution functions of many static transport equations are found using the Maximum Entropy Principle. The equations of constraint which contain the relevant dynamical information are simply the low-lying moments of the distributions.…
We show that there is weak distributive law of the Smyth hyperspace monad $\mathcal Q_{\mathsf V}$ (resp., the Hoare hyperspace monad $\mathcal H_{\mathsf V}$, resp. the monad $\mathcal P\ell^{\mathrm q}_{\mathsf V}$ of quasi-lenses, resp.…
We develop new solvability methods for divergence form second order, real and complex, elliptic systems above Lipschitz graphs, with $L_2$ boundary data. The coefficients $A$ may depend on all variables, but are assumed to be close to…
Monotonicity with respect to all arguments is fundamental to the definition of aggregation functions. It is also a limiting property that results in many important non-monotonic averaging functions being excluded from the theoretical…
For a strictly stationary sequence of nonnegative regularly varying random variables $(X_{n})$ we study functional weak convergence of partial maxima processes $M_{n}(t) = \bigvee_{i=1}^{\lfloor nt \rfloor}X_{i},\,t \in [0,1]$ in the space…
Inferential models (IMs) are data-dependent, imprecise-probabilistic structures designed to quantify uncertainty about unknowns. As the name suggests, the focus has been on uncertainty quantification for inference and on its reliability…
We introduce the notion of weak minimizer in set optimization. Necessary and sufficient conditions in terms of scalarized variational inequalities of Stampacchia and Minty type, respectively, are proved. As an application, we obtain…
Maximization of {\it non-submodular} functions appears in various scenarios, and many previous works studied it based on some measures that quantify the closeness to being submodular. On the other hand, many practical non-submodular…
Assumptions on a likelihood function, including a local Glivenko-Cantelli condition, imply the existence of M-estimators converging to an M-functional. Scatter matrix-valued estimators, defined on all empirical measures on ${\Bbb{R}}^d$ for…
By a classical result of Weyl, for any increasing sequence $(n_k)_{k \geq 1}$ of integers the sequence of fractional parts $(\{n_k x\})_{k \geq 1}$ is uniformly distributed modulo 1 for almost all $x \in [0,1]$. Except for a few special…
The strong maximum principle is proved to hold for weak (in the sense of support functions) sub- and super-solutions to a class of quasi-linear elliptic equations that includes the mean curvature equation for $C^0$ spacelike hypersurfaces…
Max-stable processes provide natural models for the modelling of spatial extreme values observed at a set of spatial sites. Full likelihood inference for max-stable data is, however, complicated by the form of the likelihood function as it…