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Indoor tracking and pose estimation, i.e., determining the position and orientation of a moving target, are increasingly important due to their numerous applications. While Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) provide high update rates, their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Mohammed H. AlSharif , Mohanad Ahmed , Mohamed Siala , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

We propose a nonlinear observer to estimate the state (orientation and in-plane velocity vector) of the quadrotor, based on a drag-force-enhanced model. It is an alternative to recent works using a similar model together with an Extended…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-04-13 Philippe Martin , Ioannis Sarras

The Kalman filter (KF) provides optimal recursive state estimates for linear-Gaussian systems and underpins applications in control, signal processing, and others. However, it is vulnerable to outliers in the measurements and process noise.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-02 Alan Yang , Stephen Boyd

We study the mathematical properties of the Invariant Extended Kalman Filter (IEKF) when iterating on the measurement update step, following the principles of the well-known Iterated Extended Kalman Filter. This iterative variant of the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-26 Sven Goffin , Axel Barrau , Silvère Bonnabel , Olivier Brüls , Pierre Sacré

The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is a widely used methodology for state estimation in partial, noisily observed dynamical systems, and for parameter estimation in inverse problems. Despite its widespread use in the geophysical sciences,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-09-21 Claudia Schillings , Andrew M. Stuart

The extended Kalman filter (EKF) is a widely adopted method for sensor fusion in navigation applications. A crucial aspect of the EKF is the online determination of the process noise covariance matrix reflecting the model uncertainty. While…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Nadav Cohen , Itzik Klein

Inertial-based navigation refers to the navigation methods or systems that have inertial information or sensors as the core part and integrate a spectrum of other kinds of sensors for enhanced performance. Through a series of papers, the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Maoran Zhu , Yuanxin Wu

The Kalman filter is a fundamental tool for state estimation in dynamical systems. While originally developed for linear Gaussian settings, it has been extended to nonlinear problems through approaches such as the extended and unscented…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-10 Yuan Wu , Sicheng He

The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is widely used for nonlinear and high-dimensional state estimation because it replaces complex covariance propagation with simple ensemble statistics. However, conventional EnKF implementations can become…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Shida Jiang , Shengyu Tao , Zihe Liu , Scott Moura

We present a comprehensive framework for fusing measurements from multiple and generally placed accelerometers and gyroscopes to perform inertial navigation. Using the angular acceleration provided by the accelerometer array, we show that…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-31 Håkan Carlsson , Isaac Skog , Gustaf Hendeby , Joakim Jaldén

Several variations of the Kalman filter algorithm, such as the extended Kalman filter (EKF) and the unscented Kalman filter (UKF), are widely used in science and engineering applications. In this paper, we introduce two algorithms of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-10-11 Wei Kang , Liang Xu

Through assembling the navigation parameters as matrix Lie group state, the corresponding inertial navigation system (INS) kinematic model possesses a group-affine property. The Lie logarithm of the navigation state estimation error…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Lubin Chang , Yarong Luo

Real-world applications of bipedal robot walking require accurate, real-time state estimation. State estimation for locomotion over dynamic rigid surfaces (DRS), such as elevators, ships, public transport vehicles, and aircraft, remains…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Yuan Gao , Yan Gu

This paper analyzes directional tracking in 2D with the extended Kalman filter on Lie groups (LG-EKF). The study stems from the problem of tracking objects moving in 2D Euclidean space, with the observer measuring direction only, thus…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-08-21 Ivan Markovic , Josip Cesic , Ivan Petrovic

The defects of the traditional strapdown inertial navigation algorithms become well acknowledged and the corresponding enhanced algorithms have been quite recently proposed trying to mitigate both theoretical and algorithmic defects. In…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Hongyan Jiang , Maoran Zhu , Yuanxin Wu

Stochastic filters for on-line state estimation are a core technology for autonomous systems. The performance of such filters is one of the key limiting factors to a system's capability. Both asymptotic behavior (e.g.,~for regular…

We describe an application of the Invariant Extended Kalman Filter (IEKF) design methodology to the scan matching SLAM problem. We review the theoretical foundations of the IEKF and its practical interest of guaranteeing robustness to poor…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2014-10-17 Martin Barczyk , Silvère Bonnabel , Jean-Emmanuel Deschaud , François Goulette

The Kalman filter (KF) is an optimal linear state estimator for linear systems, and numerous extensions, including the extended Kalman filter (EKF), unscented Kalman filter (UKF), and cubature Kalman filter (CKF), have been developed for…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-07 Shida Jiang , Junzhe Shi , Scott Moura

Accurate estimation of the relative attitude and angular velocity between two rigid bodies is fundamental in aerospace applications such as spacecraft rendezvous and docking. In these scenarios, a chaser vehicle must determine the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-27 Gil Serrano , Bruno J. Guerreiro , Pedro Lourenço , Rita Cunha

We present a practical implementation of the ensemble Kalman (EnKF) filter based on an iterative Sherman-Morrison formula. The new direct method exploits the special structure of the ensemble-estimated error covariance matrices in order to…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2015-02-03 Elias D. Nino-Ruiz , Adrian Sandu , Jeffrey Anderson
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