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Inferring and Executing Programs for Visual Reasoning proposes a model for visual reasoning that consists of a program generator and an execution engine to avoid end-to-end models. To show that the model actually learns which objects to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-17 Wenda Qiu , Yueyang Xianzang , Zhekai Zhang

Transformer models rely on Multi-Head Self-Attention (MHSA) mechanisms, where each attention head contributes to the final representation. However, their computational complexity and high memory demands due to MHSA hinders their deployment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Lucas Maisonnave , Karim Haroun , Tom Pegeot

Visual Question Answering (VQA) is a multi-modal task that involves answering questions from an input image, semantically understanding the contents of the image and answering it in natural language. Using VQA for disaster management is an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Aditya Kane , V Manushree , Sahil Khose

The current success of modern visual reasoning systems is arguably attributed to cross-modality attention mechanisms. However, in deliberative reasoning such as in VQA, attention is unconstrained at each step, and thus may serve as a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Thao Minh Le , Vuong Le , Sunil Gupta , Svetha Venkatesh , Truyen Tran

Attributions are a common local explanation technique for deep learning models on single samples as they are easily extractable and demonstrate the relevance of input values. In many cases, heatmaps visualize such attributions for samples,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Udo Schlegel , Daniel A. Keim

Document Visual Question Answering (VQA) models have evolved at an impressive rate over the past few years, coming close to or matching human performance on some benchmarks. We argue that common evaluation metrics used by popular benchmarks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Armineh Nourbakhsh , Siddharth Parekh , Pranav Shetty , Zhao Jin , Sameena Shah , Carolyn Rose

Visual Question Answering (VQA) has been a popular task that combines vision and language, with numerous relevant implementations in literature. Even though there are some attempts that approach explainability and robustness issues in VQA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Theodoti Stoikou , Maria Lymperaiou , Giorgos Stamou

Visual Question Answering (VQA) models take an image and a natural-language question as input and infer the answer to the question. Recently, VQA systems in medical imaging have gained popularity thanks to potential advantages such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Sergio Tascon-Morales , Pablo Márquez-Neila , Raphael Sznitman

Significant progress has been made in the field of video question answering (VideoQA) thanks to deep learning and large-scale pretraining. Despite the presence of sophisticated model structures and powerful video-text foundation models,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Haopeng Li , Tom Drummond , Mingming Gong , Mohammed Bennamoun , Qiuhong Ke

Over the last few years, deep learning based approaches have achieved outstanding improvements in natural image matting. Many of these methods can generate visually plausible alpha estimations, but typically yield blurry structures or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Yaoyi Li , Hongtao Lu

Most existing works in visual question answering (VQA) are dedicated to improving the accuracy of predicted answers, while disregarding the explanations. We argue that the explanation for an answer is of the same or even more importance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Qing Li , Qingyi Tao , Shafiq Joty , Jianfei Cai , Jiebo Luo

Attention mechanism is contributing to the majority of recent advances in machine learning for natural language processing. Additionally, it results in an attention map that shows the proportional influence of each input in its decision.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Duc Hau Nguyen , Cyrielle Mallart , Guillaume Gravier , Pascale Sébillot

In this paper, we propose a novel deep multi-level attention model to address inverse visual question answering. The proposed model generates regional visual and semantic features at the object level and then enhances them with the answer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Yaser Alwattar , Yuhong Guo

As the number of fine tuning of pretrained models increased, understanding the bias of pretrained model is essential. However, there is little tool to analyse transformer architecture and the interpretation of the attention maps is still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Bumjin Park , Jaesik Choi

The large success of deep learning based methods in Visual Question Answering (VQA) has concurrently increased the demand for explainable methods. Most methods in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) focus on generating post-hoc…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Pascal Tilli , Ngoc Thang Vu

Visual Question Answering (VQA) systems are tasked with answering natural language questions corresponding to a presented image. Traditional VQA datasets typically contain questions related to the spatial information of objects, object…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-05 Goonmeet Bajaj , Bortik Bandyopadhyay , Daniel Schmidt , Pranav Maneriker , Christopher Myers , Srinivasan Parthasarathy

We provide a probabilistic interpretation of attention and show that the standard dot-product attention in transformers is a special case of Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) inference. The proposed approach suggests the use of Expectation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Prasad Gabbur , Manjot Bilkhu , Javier Movellan

The Visual Question Answering (VQA) task combines challenges for processing data with both Visual and Linguistic processing, to answer basic `common sense' questions about given images. Given an image and a question in natural language, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Yash Srivastava , Vaishnav Murali , Shiv Ram Dubey , Snehasis Mukherjee

We explore the internal mechanisms of how bias emerges in large language models (LLMs) when provided with ambiguous comparative prompts: inputs that compare or enforce choosing between two or more entities without providing clear context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Rishabh Adiga , Besmira Nushi , Varun Chandrasekaran

We present a novel multimodal interpretable VQA model that can answer the question more accurately and generate diverse explanations. Although researchers have proposed several methods that can generate human-readable and fine-grained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-09 He Zhu , Ren Togo , Takahiro Ogawa , Miki Haseyama