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We implement a cold damping scheme to cool one mode of the center-of-mass motion of an optically levitated nanoparticle in ultrahigh vacuum from room temperature to a record-low temperature of 100 micro-Kelvin. The measured temperature…

We study the thermalization of excitations generated by spontaneous emission events for cold bosons in an optical lattice. Computing the dynamics described by the many-body master equation, we characterize equilibration timescales in…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2014-01-15 Johannes Schachenmayer , Lode Pollet , Matthias Troyer , Andrew John Daley

We demonstrate that a Kalman filter applied to estimate the position of an optically levitated nanoparticle, and operated in real-time within a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), is sufficient to perform closed-loop parametric feedback…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-16 Ashley Setter , Marko Toroš , Jason F. Ralph , Hendrik Ulbricht

We perform microscopic simulations of the thermal relaxation of warm neutral plasmas of astrophysical importance. Using Molecular Dynamics we study the thermal relaxation of a hot neutral fluid of finite-size neutron-rich ions kept in a…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-08-05 David Barba-González , Conrado Albertus , M. Ángeles Pérez-García

We use an optimal control protocol to cool one mode of the center of mass motion of an optically levitated nanoparticle. The feedback technique relies on exerting a Coulomb force on a charged particle with a pair of electrodes and follows…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-06-12 Gerard P. Conangla , Francesco Ricci , Marc T. Cuairan , Andreas W. Schell , Nadine Meyer , Romain Quidant

Thermalization in open systems coupled to macroscopic environments is usually analyzed from the perspective of relaxation of the reduced state of the system to the equilibrium state. Less emphasis is given to the change of the state of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-07-19 Krzysztof Ptaszynski , Massimiliano Esposito

We report quantum ground state cooling of a levitated nanoparticle in a room temperature environment. Using coherent scattering into an optical cavity we cool the center of mass motion of a $143$ nm diameter silica particle by more than $7$…

Non-equilibrium thermodynamics can provide strong advantages when compared to more standard equilibrium situations. Here, we present a general framework to study its application to concrete problems, which is valid also beyond the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-16 Qiongyuan Wu , Matteo Carlesso

Observation of the Brownian motion of a small probe interacting with its environment is one of the main strategies to characterize soft matter. Essentially two counteracting forces govern the motion of the Brownian particle. First, the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2011-08-18 Thomas Franosch , Matthias Grimm , Maxim Belushkin , Flavio Mor , Giuseppe Foffi , László Forró , Sylvia Jeney

Effects of temperature changes on the nonequilibrium spin-glass dynamics of a strongly interacting ferromagnetic nanoparticle system (superspin glass) are studied. In contrary to atomic spin glasses, strong cooling rate effects are…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-10 P. E. Jönsson , H. Yoshino , H. Mamiya , H. Takayama

Achieving efficient three-dimensional feedback cooling of levitated nanoparticles is a key requirement for precision sensing and quantum control in levitated optomechanics. Here we demonstrate three-dimensional optical feedback cooling of a…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-13 Youssef Ezzo , Seyed Khalil Alavi , Sungkun Hong

Equilibrium properties of many-body systems with a large number of degrees of freedom are generally expected to be described by statistical mechanics. Such expectations are closely tied to the observation of thermalization, as manifested…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2025-08-08 Yulong Qiao , Frank Großmann , Peter Schlagheck , Gabriel M. Lando

Quantum resource theory formulations of thermodynamics offer a versatile tool for the study of fundamental limitations to the efficiency of physical processes, independently of the microscopic details governing their dynamics. Despite the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-26 Giovanni Spaventa , Susana F. Huelga , Martin B. Plenio

This thesis is devoted to the study of physical systems embedded within the field of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. Specifically, the state of the systems of interest constitutes a stochastic process that can be externally driven by…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-11-13 Antonio Patrón Castro

Critical Casimir interactions represent a perfect example of bath-induced forces at mesoscales. These forces may have a relevant role in the living systems as well as a role in the design of nanomachines fueled by environmental…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-12-20 Ignacio A. Martinez , Artyom Petrosyan , Sergio Ciliberto

We demonstrate the possiblity to cool nanoelectronic systems in nonequilibrium situations by increasing the temperature of the environment. Such cooling by heating is possible for a variety of experimental conditions where the relevant…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-08-15 R. Härtle , C. Schinabeck , M. Kulkarni , D. Gelbwaser-Klimovsky , M. Thoss , U. Peskin

The dynamics of active particles is of interest at many levels and is the focus of theoretical and experimental research. There have been many attempts to describe the dynamics of particles affected by random active forces in terms of an…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-01-08 Dan Wexler , Nir S. Gov , Kim Ø. Rasmussen , Golan Bel

Cooling the center-of-mass motion of levitated nanoparticles provides a route to quantum experiments at mesoscopic scales. Here we demonstrate three-dimensional sympathetic cooling and detection of the center-of-mass motion of a levitated…

Optics · Physics 2023-03-28 Dmitry S. Bykov , Lorenzo Dania , Florian Goschin , Tracy E. Northup

Methods of stochastic thermodynamics and hydrodynamics are applied to the a recently introduced model of active particles. The model consists of an overdamped particle subject to Gaussian coloured noise. Inspired by stochastic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-10-09 Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi , Andrea Puglisi , Claudio Maggi

We develop the theory describing the quantum coupled dynamics of the center-of-mass motion of a nanoparticle and an ensemble of ions co-trapped in a dual-frequency linear Paul trap. We first derive analytical expressions for the motional…