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Stellar evolution theory predicts a "gap" in the black hole birth function caused by the pair instability. Presupernova stars that have a core mass below some limiting value, Mlo, after all pulsational activity is finished, collapse to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-19 S. E. Woosley , Alexander Heger

Hundreds of stellar-mass black holes likely form in a typical globular star cluster, with all but one predicted to be ejected through dynamical interactions. Some observational support for this idea is provided by the lack of X-ray-emitting…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-11 Jay Strader , Laura Chomiuk , Thomas Maccarone , James Miller-Jones , Anil Seth

At the end of its life, a very massive star is expected to collapse into a black hole. The recent detection of an 85 Msun black hole from the gravitational wave event GW 190521 appears to present a fundamental problem as to how such heavy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-04-07 Jorick S. Vink , Erin R. Higgins , Andreas A. C. Sander , Gautham N. Sabhahit

The cosmological features of primordial black holes formed from collapsed cosmic string loops are studied. Observational restrictions on a population of primordial black holes are used to restrict $f$, the fraction of cosmic string loops…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 R. R. Caldwell , E. Gates

We present the first homogeneous sample of intermediate-mass black hole candidates in active galactic nuclei. Starting with broad-line active nuclei from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we use the linewidth-luminosity-mass scaling relation to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 J. E. Greene , L. C. Ho , A. J. Barth

Stellar evolution predicts the existence of a mass gap for black hole remnants produced by pair-instability supernova dynamics, whose lower and upper edges are very uncertain. We study the possibility of constraining the location of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-01-25 Gabriele Franciolini , Konstantinos Kritos , Luca Reali , Floor Broekgaarden , Emanuele Berti

It is widely accepted that black holes (BHs) with masses greater than a million solar masses (Msun) lurk at the centres of massive galaxies. The origins of such `supermassive' black holes (SMBHs) remain unknown (Djorgovski et al. 1999),…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-09-06 Tomoharu Oka , Shiho Tsujimoto , Yuhei Iwata , Mariko Nomura , Shunya Takekawa

We show that a subdominant component of dissipative dark matter resembling the Standard Model can form many intermediate-mass black hole seeds during the first structure formation epoch. We also observe that, in the presence of this matter…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-25 Guido D'Amico , Paolo Panci , Alessandro Lupi , Stefano Bovino , Joseph Silk

The most massive black holes at redshifts z = 6 were already over billion solar masses. In this chapter, we discuss the formation and growth of the first black holes in the Universe. The deaths of massive primordial stars provide potential…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-04-20 John H. Wise

Recent studies suggest that numerous intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) may wander undetected across the Universe, emitting little radiation. These IMBHs largely preserve their birth masses, offering critical insights into the formation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-21 Zihao Wu , Luis C. Ho

We investigate the formation of the first massive black holes in high redshift galaxies, with the goal of providing insights to which galaxies do or do not host massive black holes. We adopt a novel approach to forming seed black holes in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Jillian Bellovary , Marta Volonteri , Fabio Governato , Sijing Shen , Thomas Quinn , James Wadsley

We take the established relation between black hole mass, X-ray luminosity, and radio luminosity and show that intermediate mass black holes, such as those predicted to exist at the centers of globular clusters, will be easily identifiable…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Thomas J. Maccarone

We investigate the detectability of single-event coalescing black hole binaries with total mass of $100-600 M_{\odot}$ at cosmological distances ($5 \lesssim z \lesssim 20$) with the next generation of terrestrial gravitational wave…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-30 Stephen Fairhurst , Cameron Mills , Monica Colpi , Raffaella Schneider , Alberto Sesana , Alessandro Trinca , Rosa Valiante

Establishing or ruling out, either through solid mass measurements or upper limits, the presence of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) at the centers of star clusters would profoundly impact our understanding of problems ranging from the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-14 Julio Chanamé , Justice Bruursema , Rupali Chandar , Jay Anderson , Roeland van der Marel , Holland Ford

If binary intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs; with masses between 100 and $10^4 \Msun$) form in dense stellar clusters, their inspiral will be detectable with the planned Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) out to several Gpc. Here…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-18 Pau Amaro-Seoane , Cole Miller , Marc Freitag

Our knowledge of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and their relation to their host galaxies is still limited, and there are only around 150 SMBHs that have their masses directly measured and confirmed. Better black hole mass scaling…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-11-21 Zehao Jin , Benjamin L. Davis

The lack of detected intermediate mass black holes poses a gap in our understanding of the growth and evolution of the most exotic of astrophysical objects. Here we investigate the possibility of low-luminosity relativistic jets launched by…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-02-09 I. Liodakis

Primordial black holes can be the entirety of the dark matter in a broad, approximately five-orders-of-magnitude-wide mass range, the ``asteroid mass range'', between $10^{-16}\ M_{\rm Sun}$ -- where constraints originate from evaporation…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-01 Stefano Profumo , Lucas Brown , Christopher Ewasiuk , Sean Ricarte , Henry Su

There have been reports of possible detections of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) in globular clusters (GCs). Empirically, there exists a tight correlation between the central supermassive black hole (SMBH) mass and the mean velocity…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-03 Yu-Qing Lou , Yi-Hong Wu

We expand upon the AMUSE-Virgo survey which imaged 100 early-type Virgo cluster galaxies with the Chandra X-ray Observatory, and we place an emphasis on potential intermediate mass black holes (IMBHs). Virgo early-type galaxies with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-04-16 Alister W. Graham , Roberto Soria