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The direct measurement of gravitational waves is a powerful tool for surveying the population of black holes across the universe. The first gravitational wave catalog from LIGO has detected black holes as heavy as $\sim50~M_\odot$,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-06-09 Karan Jani , Deirdre Shoemaker , Curt Cutler

Dense stellar environments like nuclear star clusters (NSCs) can dynamically assemble gravitational wave (GW) sources. We consider a population of single stellar mass black holes (BHs) in the inner $0.1$~pc of a NSC surrounding a $4 \times…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-10 Amanda Newton , Sanaea C. Rose , Fulya Kıroğlu , Bao-Minh Hoang , Frederic A. Rasio

The existence of supermassive black holes lurking in the centers of galaxies and of stellar binary systems containing a black hole with a few solar masses has been established beyond reasonable doubt. The idea that black holes of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 S. Rosswog , E. Ramirez-Ruiz , W. R. Hix , M. Dan

The occurrence of pair-instability supernovae is predicted to prevent the formation of black holes with masses $\gtrsim 50 M_\odot$. Recent gravitational-wave detections in this mass range require an explanation beyond that of standard…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-07-14 Davide Gerosa , Nicola Giacobbo , Alberto Vecchio

We compute the number density of nonlinear seed fluctuations which have the right number density to be able to explain the presence of one supermassive black hole per galaxy, as a function of redshift. We find that there is an interesting…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-12 Robert Brandenberger , Hao Jiao

Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) span the approximate mass range $100$--$10^5\,M_\odot$, between black holes (BHs) formed by stellar collapse and the supermassive BHs at the centers of galaxies. Mergers of IMBH binaries are the most…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-03-16 The LIGO Scientific Collaboration , the Virgo Collaboration , the KAGRA Collaboration

LISA should detect gravitational waves from tens to hundreds of systems containing black holes with mass in the range from 10 thousand to 10 million solar masses. Black holes in this mass range are not well constrained by current…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-04-22 Jonathan R Gair , Alberto Sesana , Emanuele Berti , Marta Volonteri

We estimated the sensitivity of the upcoming advanced, ground-based gravitational-wave observatories (the upgraded LIGO and Virgo and the KAGRA interferometers) to coalescing intermediate mass black hole binaries (IMBHB). We added waveforms…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-09-17 G. Mazzolo , F. Salemi , M. Drago , V. Necula , C. Pankow , G. A. Prodi , V. Re , V. Tiwari , G. Vedovato , I. Yakushin , S. Klimenko

There is compelling evidence that supermassive black holes (SMBHs) exist. Yet the origin of these objects, or their seeds, is still unknown. We are performing general relativistic simulations of gravitational collapse to black holes in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Stuart L. Shapiro

The first LIGO-Virgo detections have confirmed the existence of massive black holes (BHs), with mass $30-40$ M$_\odot$. Such BHs might originate from massive metal-poor stars ($Z<0.3$ Z$_\odot$) or from gravitational instabilities in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-07-31 Michela Mapelli

The LIGO-Virgo Collaboration has so far detected around 90 black holes, some of which have masses larger than what were expected from the collapse of stars. The mass distribution of LIGO-Virgo black holes appears to have a peak at…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-28 Heling Deng

In standard stellar evolution, stars with masses ranging from approximately $150$ to $240 M_\odot$ are expected to evolve to a pair instability supernova with no black hole (BH) remnant. This evolutionary behavior leads to a predicted gap…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-08-25 Joshua Ziegler , Katherine Freese

Massive black holes (MBHs) inhabit galaxy centers, power luminous quasars and Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) and shape their cosmic environment with the energy they produce. The origins of MBHs remain a mystery and the recent detection by…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-04-18 Marta Volonteri , Melanie Habouzit , Monica Colpi

In theories with cosmic strings, a small fraction of string loops may collapse to form black holes. In this Letter, various constraints on such models involving black holes are considered. Hawking radiation from black holes, gamma and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Jane H. MacGibbon , Robert H. Brandenberger , U. F. Wichoski

Spectroscopic and photometric observations show that many globular clusters host multiple stellar populations, challenging the common paradigm that globular clusters are "simple stellar populations" composed of stars of uniform age and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-18 Enrico Vesperini , Stephen L. W. McMillan , Annibale D'Ercole , Francesca D'Antona

The origin of supermassive black holes (SMBH) in galaxy centers still remains uncertain. There are two possible ways of their formation - from massive ($10^5 - 10^6 M_{\odot}$) and low-mass ($100 M_{\odot}$) BH nuclei. The latter scenario…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-09-28 Victoria Toptun , Igor Chilingarian , Kirill Grishin , Ivan Katkov , Ivan Zolotukhin , Vladimir Goradzhanov , Mariia Demianenko , Ivan Kuzmun

A new candidate source of gravitational radiation is described: the nearly-perfect harmonic series from individual loops of cosmic string. It is argued that theories with light cosmic strings give rise to a population of numerous long-lived…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-08-02 Matthew R DePies , Craig J Hogan

Detecting the seed black holes from which quasars formed is extremely challenging; however, those seeds that did not grow into supermassive should be found as intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) of 100-10$^5$ M$_{\odot}$ in local dwarf…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-04-07 M Mezcua

In this small review we present the actual state the knowledge about weighting black holes. Black holes can be found in stellar binary systems in our Galaxy and in other nearby galaxies, in globular clusters, which we can see in our and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-10-05 B. Czerny , M. Nikolajuk

Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) by definition have masses of $M_{\rm IMBH} \sim 10^{2-5}~M_\odot$, a range with few observational constraints. Finding IMBHs in globular star clusters (GCs) would validate a formation channel for…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-09-08 J. M. Wrobel , T. J. Maccarone , J. C. A. Miller-Jones , K. E. Nyland
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