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Cracks in concrete structures are very common and are an integral part of this heterogeneous material. Characteristics of cracks induced by standardized tests yield valuable information about the tested concrete formulation and its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Anna Nowacka , Katja Schladitz , Szymon Grzesiak , Matthias Pahn

Visual-Spatial Systems has become increasingly essential in concrete crack inspection. However, existing methods often lacks adaptability to diverse scenarios, exhibits limited robustness in image-based approaches, and struggles with curved…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Pengru Deng , Jiapeng Yao , Chun Li , Su Wang , Xinrun Li , Varun Ojha , Xuhui He

Cosmic-ray muon tomography is a promising technique for border security applications, leveraging highly penetrating cosmic-ray muons and their interactions with various materials to generate 3D images of large and dense objects, such as…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-09-25 Anzori Sh. Georgadze

Muon tomography is a technique that uses cosmic ray muons to generate three dimensional images of volumes using information contained in the Coulomb scattering of the muons. Advantages of this technique are the ability of cosmic rays to…

Cosmic ray muons enable non-invasive imaging of dense structures through multipleCoulomb scattering (MCS), with scattering angles dependent on atomic number (Z). Traditional algorithms like Point of Closest Approach (PoCA) assume single…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Reshma Ughade , Stylianos Chatzidakis

The authors present here a new method to image reinforcement elements inside thick structures and the results of a demonstration measurement performed on a mock-up wall built at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The method, referred to as…

Muon imaging, especially muon scattering tomography (MST), has recently garnered significant attention. MST measures the magnitude of muon scattering angles inside an object, which depends not only on the material properties but also on the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-09-17 Pei Yu , Ziwen Pan , Jiajia Zhai , Yu Xu , Li Deng , Zhengyang He , Zhe Chen , Zechao Kang , Yuhong Yu , Xueheng Zhang , Liangwen Chen , Lei Yang , Zhiyu Sun

Next-generation microreactors enable remote deployment and semi-autonomous operation, but compact, sealed, heterogeneous cores limit conventional safeguard approaches that rely on access and bulk accountancy. Limited inspection access and…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Reshma Ughade , Stylianos Chatzidakis

Muon scattering tomography (MST) is a non-destructive technique to image various materials by utilizing cosmic ray muons as probes. A typical MST system with a two-fold track detectors is particularly effective in detecting high-$Z$…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-08-22 Jiahui Chen , Huiling Li , Yiyue Li , Pingcheng Liu

We demonstrate that muon tomography can be used to precisely measure the properties of various materials. The materials which have been considered have been extracted from an experimental blast furnace, including carbon (coke) and iron…

To evaluate the stress level and damage of a reinforced concrete containment wall and its reaction to pressure variations, we implemented successive ultrasonic experiments on the exterior surface of the containment wall in the gusset area…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-04-06 Qi Xue , Eric Larose , Ludovic Moreau , Romain Thery , Odile Abraham , Jean-Marie Henault

Muon tomography is a non-destructive imaging technique that exploits cosmic-ray muons from multiple directions. Its performance critically depends on the stability, active-area coverage, and spatial resolution of position-sensitive…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-12-02 Yiyue Li , Huiling Li , Hui Liang , Cong Liu , Chenghan Lv , Hongbo Wang , Weiwei Xu

Muon tomography is developing as a promising system to detect high-Z (atomic number) material for ensuring homeland security. In the present work, three kinds of spatial locations of materials which are made of aluminum, iron, lead and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-08-04 Xiao-Dong Wang , Kai-Xuan Ye , Yu-Lei Li , Wen Luo , Hui-Yin Wu , He-Run Yang , Guo-Xiang Chen , Zhi-Chao Zhu , Xiu-Liang Zhao

The muon tomography technique, based on multiple Coulomb scattering of cosmic ray muons, has been proposed as a tool to detect the presence of high density objects inside closed volumes. In this paper a new and innovative method is…

A feasibility demonstration of three-dimensional (3D) muon tomography was performed for infrastructure equivalent targets using the proposed portable muography detector. For the target, we used two sets of lead blocks placed at different…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-01-19 Kullapha Chaiwongkhot , Tadahiro Kin , Yuta Nagata , Tomohiro Komori , Naoya Okamoto , Hamid Basiri

The blast furnace (BF) is the fundamental tool used in the iron manufacture. Due to the difficulty of accessing direct measurements of the inner phenomena, we determined the density distribution of its internal volume in order to improve…

The present paper discusses a Non Destructive Evaluation (NDE) technique involving Compton back-scattering. Two 15 cm x 15 cm x 15 cm cubical concrete blocks were scanned for detection of voids. The setup used a PC controlled gamma…

Materials Science · Physics 2010-01-05 Shivaramu , Arijit Bose , M. Margaret

This work is a continuation of the ongoing research on deformation behavior of reinforced concrete elements under tension. The previous studies have revealed that deformation behaviors of elements reinforced with multiple bars and the…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-06-04 Viktor Gribniak , Ronaldas Jakubovskis , Arvydas Rimkus , Pui-Lam Ng , David Hui

Muon Tomography based on the measurement of multiple scattering of atmospheric cosmic ray muons in matter is a promising technique for detecting heavily shielded high-Z radioactive materials (U, Pu) in cargo or vehicles. The technique uses…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-11-26 Kondo Gnanvo , Leonard V. Grasso , Marcus Hohlmann , Judson B. Locke , Amilkar S. Quintero , Debasis Mitra

In recent years, there have been ongoing efforts to improve screening technologies to improve security and prevent terrorist threats. The most widely used technologies for scanning shipping containers are gamma and x-ray radiography, which…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-12-19 A. Georgadze