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The overall performance of the development of computing systems has been engrossed on enhancing demand from the client and enterprise domains. but, the intake of ever-increasing energy for computing systems has commenced to bound in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-10-18 Syed Arshad Ali , Mohammad Affan , Mansaf Alam

This report characterizes the data center industry and its importance for AI development. Data centers are industrial facilities that efficiently provide compute at scale and thus constitute the engine rooms of today's digital economy. As…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Konstantin Pilz , Lennart Heim

For current High Performance Computing systems to scale towards the holy grail of ExaFLOP performance, their power consumption has to be reduced by at least one order of magnitude. This goal can be achieved only through a combination of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-06-01 Alina Sîrbu , Ozalp Babaoglu

Sustainability reporting for web-based services often relies on simplified end-user energy models that assume constant laptop power during browser interactions. Energy models such as Digst and DIMPACT apply fixed power values (15-22W), yet…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Maja H. Kirkeby , Timmie Lagermann

In the current high-performance and embedded computing era, full-stack energy-centric design is paramount. Use cases require increasingly high performance at an affordable power budget, often under real-time constraints. Extreme…

Performance · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Sergio Mazzola , Gabriele Ara , Thomas Benz , Björn Forsberg , Tommaso Cucinotta , Luca Benini

Cloud data centers face increasing pressure to reduce operational energy consumption as big data workloads continue to grow in scale and complexity. This paper presents a workload aware and energy efficient scheduling framework that…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Milan Parikh , Aniket Abhishek Soni , Sneja Mitinbhai Shah , Ayush Raj Jha

Diversification of digital applications and workloads has driven the development of diverse datacenter architectures on ever-larger scales. These datacenters consist of complex IT, power, and cooling systems with interdependencies that…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Wedan Emmanuel Gnibga , Andrew A. Chien

The growing demand for data center capacity, driven by the growth of high-performance computing, cloud computing, and especially artificial intelligence, has led to a sharp increase in data center energy consumption. To improve energy…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Jonathan Bader , Julius Irion , Jannis Kappel , Joel Witzke , Niklas Fomin , Diellza Sherifi , Odej Kao

Managing energy efficiency under timing constraints is an interesting and big challenge. This work proposes an accurate power model in data centers for time-constrained servers in Cloud computing. This model, as opposed to previous…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Teresa Higuera , José L. Risco-Martín , Patricia Arroba , José L. Ayala

Data centers have become a popular computing platform for various applications, and they account for nearly 2% of total US energy consumption. Therefore, it has become important to optimize data center power, and reduce their energy…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-12-01 Sai Santosh Dayapule , Kathy Nguyen , Gregory Kahl , Suresh Subramaniam , Guru Venkataramani

In the rapidly evolving digital era, comprehending the intricate dynamics influencing server power consumption, efficiency, and performance is crucial for sustainable data center operations. However, existing models lack the ability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Nuoa Lei , Arman Shehabi , Jun Lu , Zhi Cao , Jonathan Koomey , Sarah Smith , Eric Masanet

Data centers consume a large amount of energy and incur substantial electricity cost. In this paper, we study the familiar problem of reducing data center energy cost with two new perspectives. First, we find, through an empirical study of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2013-12-18 Hong Xu , Baochun Li

As a key component of power system production simulation, load forecasting is critical for the stable operation of power systems. Machine learning methods prevail in this field. However, the limited training data can be a challenge. This…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-18 Linna Xu , Yongli Zhu

The energy consumption analysis and optimization of data centers have been an increasingly popular topic over the past few years. It is widely recognized that several effective metrics exist to capture the efficiency of hardware and/or…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Guillaume Fieni , Romain Rouvoy , Lionel Seinturier

Modern data centers suffer from immense power consumption. As a result, data center operators have heavily invested in capacity scaling solutions, which dynamically deactivate servers if the demand is low and activate them again when the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Daan Rutten , Debankur Mukherjee

An electricity bill of a data center (DC) is determined not only by how much energy the DC consumes, but especially by how the consumed energy is spread over time during the billing cycle. More specifically, these electricity costs are…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-05-07 Mehiar Dabbagh , Bechir Hamdaoui , Ammar Rayes

Recent innovation in large language models (LLMs), and their myriad use-cases have rapidly driven up the compute capacity demand for datacenter GPUs. Several cloud providers and other enterprises have made substantial plans of growth in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Pratyush Patel , Esha Choukse , Chaojie Zhang , Íñigo Goiri , Brijesh Warrier , Nithish Mahalingam , Ricardo Bianchini

The rapid proliferation of data centers is reshaping modern power system dynamics. Unlike legacy industrial loads, data centers have power-electronic interfaces whose multi-timescale dynamics can interact strongly with the grid, inducing…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-09 Xingyu Zhao , Junbo Zhao

Energy consumption represents a significant cost in data center operation. A large fraction of the energy, however, is used to power idle servers when the workload is low. Dynamic provisioning techniques aim at saving this portion of the…

Performance · Computer Science 2012-02-28 Tan Lu , Minghua Chen

Data is required to develop forecasting models for use in Model Predictive Control (MPC) schemes in building energy systems. However, data is costly to both collect and exploit. Determining cost optimal data usage strategies requires…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-01 Max Langtry , Vijja Wichitwechkarn , Rebecca Ward , Chaoqun Zhuang , Monika J. Kreitmair , Nikolas Makasis , Zack Xuereb Conti , Ruchi Choudhary