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Despite the fact that data imbalance is becoming more and more common in real-world Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) applications, it has not been studied extensively in the literature. To the best of our knowledge, this paper presents…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-07 Judith Gaspers , Quynh Do , Fabian Triefenbach

The concept of technical debt has been explored from many perspectives but its precise estimation is still under heavy empirical and experimental inquiry. We aim to understand whether, by harnessing approximate, data-driven,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-08-05 Valentina Lenarduzzi , Antonio Martini , Davide Taibi , Damian Andrew Tamburri

Fraud detection is a challenging task due to the changing nature of fraud patterns over time and the limited availability of fraud examples to learn such sophisticated patterns. Thus, fraud detection with the aid of smart versions of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Mary Isangediok , Kelum Gajamannage

Fault diagnosis plays an essential role in reducing the maintenance costs of rotating machinery manufacturing systems. In many real applications of fault detection and diagnosis, data tend to be imbalanced, meaning that the number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Masoud Jalayer , Amin Kaboli , Carlotta Orsenigo , Carlo Vercellis

Current semi-supervised object detection (SSOD) algorithms typically assume class balanced datasets (PASCAL VOC etc.) or slightly class imbalanced datasets (MS-COCO, etc). This assumption can be easily violated since real world datasets can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Jiaming Li , Xiangru Lin , Wei Zhang , Xiao Tan , Yingying Li , Junyu Han , Errui Ding , Jingdong Wang , Guanbin Li

Tabular data underpins numerous high-impact applications of machine learning from fraud detection to genomics and healthcare. Classical approaches to solving tabular problems, such as gradient boosting and random forests, are widely used by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Gowthami Somepalli , Micah Goldblum , Avi Schwarzschild , C. Bayan Bruss , Tom Goldstein

Multi-task problem solving has been shown to improve the accuracy of the individual tasks, which is an important feature for robots, as they have a limited resource. However, when the number of labels for each task is not equal, namely…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ozgur Erkent

Accurate prediction of loan defaults is a central challenge in credit risk management, particularly in modern financial datasets characterised by nonlinear relationships, class imbalance, and evolving borrower behaviour. Traditional…

Technical Debt (TD) refers to the situation where developers make trade-offs to achieve short-term goals at the expense of long-term code quality, which can have a negative impact on the quality of software systems. In the context of code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Liming Fu , Peng Liang , Zeeshan Rasheed , Zengyang Li , Amjed Tahir , Xiaofeng Han

Industrial surface defect inspection for sample-wise quality control (QC) must simultaneously decide whether a given sample contains defects and localize those defects spatially. In real production lines, extreme foreground-background…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Hang-Cheng Dong , Yibo Jiao , Fupeng Wei , Guodong Liu , Dong Ye , Bingguo Liu

Software vulnerabilities (SVs) have become a common, serious and crucial concern due to the ubiquity of computer software. Many machine learning-based approaches have been proposed to solve the software vulnerability detection (SVD)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Van Nguyen , Trung Le , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , John Grundy , Hung Nguyen , Dinh Phung

The rapid adoption of Deep Learning (DL)-enabled systems has revolutionized software development, driving innovation across various domains. However, these systems also introduce unique challenges, particularly in maintaining software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Gilberto Recupito , Vincenzo De Martino , Dario Di Nucci , Fabio Palomba

Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD) is a form of Technical Debt where developers document the debt using source code comments (SATD-C) or issues (SATD-I). However, it is still unclear the circumstances that drive developers to choose one or…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Laerte Xavier , João Eduardo Montandon , Marco Tulio Valente

The field of imbalanced self-supervised learning, especially in the context of tabular data, has not been extensively studied. Existing research has predominantly focused on image datasets. This paper aims to fill this gap by examining the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Samuel Stocksieker , Denys Pommeret , Arthur Charpentier

Class imbalance classification is a challenging research problem in data mining and machine learning, as most of the real-life datasets are often imbalanced in nature. Existing learning algorithms maximise the classification accuracy by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Farshid Rayhan , Sajid Ahmed , Asif Mahbub , Md. Rafsan Jani , Swakkhar Shatabda , Dewan Md. Farid

To complete tasks faster, developers often have to sacrifice the quality of the software. Such compromised practice results in the increasing burden to developers in future development. The metaphor, technical debt, describes such practice.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Jiakun Liu , Qiao Huang , Xin Xia , Emad Shihab , David Lo , Shanping Li

The proliferation of cloud-integrated IoT systems has intensified exposure to Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks due to the expanded attack surface, heterogeneous device behaviors, and limited edge protection. However, DDoS…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Tongxi Wu , Chenwei Xu , Jin Yang

Existing deep neural network based salient object detection (SOD) methods mainly focus on pursuing high network accuracy. However, those methods overlook the gap between network accuracy and prediction confidence, known as the confidence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Jing Zhang , Yuchao Dai , Xin Yu , Mehrtash Harandi , Nick Barnes , Richard Hartley

Medicare fraud poses a substantial challenge to healthcare systems, resulting in significant financial losses and undermining the quality of care provided to legitimate beneficiaries. This study investigates the use of machine learning (ML)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Dorsa Farahmandazad , Kasra Danesh

The rapid proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT) and smart applications has led to a surge in data generated by distributed sensing devices. Edge computing is a mainstream approach to managing this data by pushing computation closer…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Daghash K. Alqahtani , Maria A. Rodriguez , Muhammad Aamir Cheema , Adel N. Toosi