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The primary assumption of conventional supervised learning or classification is that the test samples are drawn from the same distribution as the training samples, which is called closed set learning or classification. In many practical…

Traditional classifiers are deployed under closed-set setting, with both training and test classes belong to the same set. However, real-world applications probably face the input of unknown categories, and the model will recognize them as…

The classification of textual data often yields important information. Most classifiers work in a closed world setting where the classifier is trained on a known corpus, and then it is tested on unseen examples that belong to one of the…

Open-set Recognition (OSR) aims to identify test samples whose classes are not seen during the training process. Recently, Unified Open-set Recognition (UOSR) has been proposed to reject not only unknown samples but also known but wrongly…

Open Set Recognition (OSR) extends image classification to an open-world setting, by simultaneously classifying known classes and identifying unknown ones. While conventional OSR approaches can detect Out-of-Distribution (OOD) samples, they…

The findings on open-set recognition (OSR) show that models trained on classification datasets are capable of detecting unknown classes not encountered during the training process. Specifically, after training, the learned representations…

Classic supervised learning makes the closed-world assumption, meaning that classes seen in testing must have been seen in training. However, in the dynamic world, new or unseen class examples may appear constantly. A model working in such…

In open-set recognition (OSR), a promising strategy is exploiting pseudo-unknown data outside given $K$ known classes as an additional $K$+$1$-th class to explicitly model potential open space. However, treating unknown classes without…

Deep neural networks have made breakthroughs in a wide range of visual understanding tasks. A typical challenge that hinders their real-world applications is that unknown samples may be fed into the system during the testing phase, but…

This paper proposes a method to use deep neural networks as end-to-end open-set classifiers. It is based on intra-class data splitting. In open-set recognition, only samples from a limited number of known classes are available for training.…

Existing open set recognition (OSR) methods are typically designed for static scenarios, where models aim to classify known classes and identify unknown ones within fixed scopes. This deviates from the expectation that the model should…

Open-set semi-supervised learning (OSSL) embodies a practical scenario within semi-supervised learning, wherein the unlabeled training set encompasses classes absent from the labeled set. Many existing OSSL methods assume that these…

In open set recognition (OSR), almost all existing methods are designed specially for recognizing individual instances, even these instances are collectively coming in batch. Recognizers in decision either reject or categorize them to some…

Models trained for classification often assume that all testing classes are known while training. As a result, when presented with an unknown class during testing, such closed-set assumption forces the model to classify it as one of the…

Existing open-set recognition (OSR) studies typically assume that each image contains only one class label, with the unknown test set (negative) having a disjoint label space from the known test set (positive), a scenario referred to as…

Assuming unknown classes could be present during classification, the open set recognition (OSR) task aims to classify an instance into a known class or reject it as unknown. In this paper, we use a two-stage training strategy for the OSR…

The ability to identify whether or not a test sample belongs to one of the semantic classes in a classifier's training set is critical to practical deployment of the model. This task is termed open-set recognition (OSR) and has received…

In most works on deep incremental learning research, it is assumed that novel samples are pre-identified for neural network retraining. However, practical deep classifiers often misidentify these samples, leading to erroneous predictions.…

Distantly-Supervised Named Entity Recognition (DS-NER) is widely used in real-world scenarios. It can effectively alleviate the burden of annotation by matching entities in existing knowledge bases with snippets in the text but suffer from…

In open-set recognition, existing methods generally learn statically fixed decision boundaries using known classes to reject unknown classes. Though they have achieved promising results, such decision boundaries are evidently insufficient…