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Accurate spatio-temporal prediction is crucial for the sustainable development of smart cities. However, current approaches often struggle to capture important spatio-temporal relationships, particularly overlooking global relations among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Ashutosh Sao , Simon Gottschalk

Visual recognition has been dominated by convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for years. Though recently the prevailing vision transformers (ViTs) have shown great potential of self-attention based models in ImageNet classification, their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Li Yuan , Qibin Hou , Zihang Jiang , Jiashi Feng , Shuicheng Yan

Self-supervised learning holds promise to revolutionize molecule property prediction - a central task to drug discovery and many more industries - by enabling data efficient learning from scarce experimental data. Despite significant…

The shift from Convolutional Neural Networks to Transformers has reshaped computer vision, yet these two architectural families are typically viewed as fundamentally distinct. We argue that convolution and self-attention, despite their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Mingi Kang , Jeová Farias Sales Rocha Neto

Currently, convolutional neural networks (CNN) (e.g., U-Net) have become the de facto standard and attained immense success in medical image segmentation. However, as a downside, CNN based methods are a double-edged sword as they fail to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-01 Reza Azad , Moein Heidari , Yuli Wu , Dorit Merhof

This work explores attention models to weight the contribution of local convolutional representations for the instance search task. We present a retrieval framework based on bags of local convolutional features (BLCF) that benefits from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-30 Eva Mohedano , Kevin McGuinness , Xavier Giro-i-Nieto , Noel E. O'Connor

We challenge a common assumption underlying most supervised deep learning: that a model makes a prediction depending only on its parameters and the features of a single input. To this end, we introduce a general-purpose deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Jannik Kossen , Neil Band , Clare Lyle , Aidan N. Gomez , Tom Rainforth , Yarin Gal

Human action recognition has become an important research focus in computer vision due to the wide range of applications where it is used. 3D Resnet-based CNN models, particularly MC3, R3D, and R(2+1)D, have different convolutional filters…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Mohammad Rasras , Iuliana Marin , Serban Radu , Irina Mocanu

Although large-scale labeled data are essential for deep convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) to learn high-level semantic visual representations, it is time-consuming and impractical to collect and annotate large-scale datasets. A…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Huili Huang , M. Mahdi Roozbahani

Contemporary diffusion models built upon U-Net or Diffusion Transformer (DiT) architectures have revolutionized image generation through transformer-based attention mechanisms. The prevailing paradigm has commonly employed self-attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-01 ZiYi Dong , Chengxing Zhou , Weijian Deng , Pengxu Wei , Xiangyang Ji , Liang Lin

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) model long-range dependencies by deeply stacking convolution operations with small window sizes, which makes the optimizations difficult. This paper presents region-based non-local (RNL) operations as a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-03 Guoxi Huang , Adrian G. Bors

Window-based transformers have demonstrated outstanding performance in super-resolution tasks due to their adaptive modeling capabilities through local self-attention (SA). However, they exhibit higher computational complexity and inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Zhenyu Hu , Wanjie Sun

In this paper, our focus is on enhancing steering angle prediction for autonomous driving tasks. We initiate our exploration by investigating two veins of widely adopted deep neural architectures, namely ResNets and InceptionNets. Within…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Swetha Nadella , Pramiti Barua , Jeremy C. Hagler , David J. Lamb , Qing Tian

3D convolutional neural networks have achieved promising results for video tasks in computer vision, including video saliency prediction that is explored in this paper. However, 3D convolution encodes visual representation merely on fixed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Ziqiang Wang , Zhi Liu , Gongyang Li , Yang Wang , Tianhong Zhang , Lihua Xu , Jijun Wang

Vision Transformer (ViT) self-attention mechanism is characterized by feature collapse in deeper layers, resulting in the vanishing of low-level visual features. However, such features can be helpful to accurately represent and identify…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Anxhelo Diko , Danilo Avola , Marco Cascio , Luigi Cinque

In-context learning with attention enables large neural networks to make context-specific predictions by selectively focusing on relevant examples. Here, we adapt this idea to supervised learning procedures such as lasso regression and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-11 Erin Craig , Robert Tibshirani

Transformer-based architectures have become the prevailing backbone of large language models. However, the quadratic time and memory complexity of self-attention remains a fundamental obstacle to efficient long-context modeling. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yutao Sun , Zhenyu Li , Yike Zhang , Tengyu Pan , Bowen Dong , Yuyi Guo , Jianyong Wang

Over the past decade, Deep Convolutional Neural Networks have been widely adopted for medical image segmentation and shown to achieve adequate performance. However, due to the inherent inductive biases present in the convolutional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Jeya Maria Jose Valanarasu , Poojan Oza , Ilker Hacihaliloglu , Vishal M. Patel

Feature maps in deep neural network generally contain different semantics. Existing methods often omit their characteristics that may lead to sub-optimal results. In this paper, we propose a novel end-to-end deep saliency network which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Fengdong Sun , Wenhui Li , Yuanyuan Guan

Vision Transformers have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many visual tasks. Due to the quadratic computational and memory complexities of self-attention, recent works either apply attention only to low-resolution inputs or restrict…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Cheng Li , Yangxin Liu
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