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Variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) optimizes parameterized eigenstates of a Hamiltonian on a quantum processor by updating parameters with a classical computer. Such a hybrid quantum-classical optimization serves as a practical way to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-18 Dan-Bo Zhang , Tao Yin

Variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is an appealing candidate for the application of near-term quantum computers. A technique introduced in [Higgot et al., Quantum 3, 156 (2019)], which is named variational quantum deflation (VQD), has…

Development of resource-friendly quantum algorithms remains highly desirable for noisy intermediate-scale quantum computing. Based on the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) with unitary coupled cluster ansatz, we demonstrate that…

The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is a promising candidate for quantum applications on near-term Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers. Despite a lot of empirical studies and recent progress in theoretical understanding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-26 Xuchen You , Shouvanik Chakrabarti , Xiaodi Wu

Quantum chemistry applications on quantum computers currently rely heavily on the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) algorithm. This hybrid quantum-classical algorithm aims at finding ground state solutions of molecular systems based on…

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) has emerged as one of the leading quantum algorithms for solving electronic structure problems on near-term noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. However, its practical application to quantum…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Yanxian Tao , Lingyun Wan , Jie Liu

Simulation of chemical reactions on quantum computing platforms using quantum classical hybrid algorithms such as the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is challenged by the need for a reaction consistent treatment of electron…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 L. Roy , M. Sarkar , M. Tewari , A. Kumar , M. Paranjothy

We propose an extension of the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) that leads to more accurate energy estimations and can be used to study excited states. The method is based on the introduction of a sequence of increasing penalties in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-17 Rodolfo Carobene , Stefano Barison , Andrea Giachero

Quantum systems have historically been formidable to simulate using classical computational methods, particularly as the system size grows. In recent years, advancements in quantum computing technology have offered new opportunities for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-06 Jinao Wang , Rimika Jaiswal

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is one of the most prominent algorithms using near-term quantum devices, designed to find the ground state of a Hamiltonian. In VQE, a classical optimizer iteratively updates the parameters in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-12 Chenyu Shi , Vedran Dunjko , Hao Wang

We formulate and implement the Variational Quantum Eigensolver Self Consistent Field (VQE-SCF) algorithm in combination with polarizable embedding (PE), thereby extending PE to the regime of quantum computing. We test the resulting…

The prediction of electronic structure for strongly correlated molecules represents a promising application for near-term quantum computers. Significant attention has been paid to ground state wavefunctions, but excited states of molecules…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-08 Harper R. Grimsley , Francesco A. Evangelista

The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is one the most perspective algorithms for simulation of quantum many body physics that have recently attached a lot of attention and believed would be practical for implementation on the near term…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-03 Belozerova Polina , Shangareev Arthur , Zotov Yuriy , Yung Manhong , lv Dingshun

We present a relativistic quantum simulation framework for modeling hydrogen sulfide (H2S) decomposition relevant to hydrogen energy applications. The approach integrates Dirac-Coulomb relativistic quantum chemistry with the variational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-16 Chi-Chuan Hwang , Cheng-Fang Su , Jung-Fan Yang

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is one of the most appealing quantum algorithms to simulate electronic structure properties of molecules on near-term noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. In this work, we generalize the VQE…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-09 Jie Liu , Lingyun Wan , Zhenyu Li , Jinlong Yang

We present the meta-VQE, an algorithm capable to learn the ground state energy profile of a parametrized Hamiltonian. By training the meta-VQE with a few data points, it delivers an initial circuit parametrization that can be used to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-01 Alba Cervera-Lierta , Jakob S. Kottmann , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

We explore the application of the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) to investigate the ground state properties, particularly the entanglement entropy, of the Transverse Field Ising Model (TFIM) in one, two, and three dimensions,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-24 Ashutosh P. Tripathi , Nilmani Mathur , Vikram Tripathi

The electron pair approximation offers a resource efficient variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) approach for quantum chemistry simulations on quantum computers. With the number of entangling gates scaling quadratically with system size…

The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) algorithm is gaining interest for its potential use in near-term quantum devices. In the VQE algorithm, parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) are employed to prepare quantum states, which are then…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-29 Atsushi Matsuo , Yudai Suzuki , Ikko Hamamura , Shigeru Yamashita

Previous studies have introduced a weakly-supervised paradigm for solving math word problems requiring only the answer value annotation. While these methods search for correct value equation candidates as pseudo labels, they search among a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Qianying Liu , Wenyu Guan , Jianhao Shen , Fei Cheng , Sadao Kurohashi