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Batch normalization (BN) has become a standard technique for training the modern deep networks. However, its effectiveness diminishes when the batch size becomes smaller, since the batch statistics estimation becomes inaccurate. That…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-13 Chunjie Luo , Jianfeng Zhan , Lei Wang , Wanling Gao

Deep learning models heavily rely on large scale annotated datasets for training. Unfortunately, datasets cannot capture the infinite variability of the real world, thus neural networks are inherently limited by the restricted visual and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Massimiliano Mancini

Adversarial training is one of the main defenses against adversarial attacks. In this paper, we provide the first rigorous study on diagnosing elements of adversarial training, which reveals two intriguing properties. First, we study the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Cihang Xie , Alan Yuille

It is a common assumption that the activation of different layers in neural networks follow Gaussian distribution. This distribution can be transformed using normalization techniques, such as batch-normalization, increasing convergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Andras Horvath , Jalal Al-afandi

Batch Normalization is a key component in almost all state-of-the-art image classifiers, but it also introduces practical challenges: it breaks the independence between training examples within a batch, can incur compute and memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Andrew Brock , Soham De , Samuel L. Smith

Domain Generalization aims to develop models that can generalize to novel and unseen data distributions. In this work, we study how model architectures and pre-training objectives impact feature richness and propose a method to effectively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Xavier Thomas , Deepti Ghadiyaram

We perform an extensive empirical study of the statistical properties of Batch Norm and other common normalizers. This includes an examination of the correlation between representations of minibatches, gradient norms, and Hessian spectra…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Vinay Rao , Jascha Sohl-Dickstein

State-of-the-art abstractive summarization models generally rely on extensive labeled data, which lowers their generalization ability on domains where such data are not available. In this paper, we present a study of domain adaptation for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Tiezheng Yu , Zihan Liu , Pascale Fung

A well-known issue of Batch Normalization is its significantly reduced effectiveness in the case of small mini-batch sizes. When a mini-batch contains few examples, the statistics upon which the normalization is defined cannot be reliably…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Zhuliang Yao , Yue Cao , Shuxin Zheng , Gao Huang , Stephen Lin

Large-batch SGD is important for scaling training of deep neural networks. However, without fine-tuning hyperparameter schedules, the generalization of the model may be hampered. We propose to use batch augmentation: replicating instances…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-29 Elad Hoffer , Tal Ben-Nun , Itay Hubara , Niv Giladi , Torsten Hoefler , Daniel Soudry

Modern models that perform system-critical tasks such as segmentation and localization exhibit good performance and robustness under ideal conditions (i.e. daytime, overcast) but performance degrades quickly and often catastrophically when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-26 Horia Porav , Tom Bruls , Paul Newman

Domain generalization (DG) is a fundamental yet very challenging research topic in machine learning. The existing arts mainly focus on learning domain-invariant features with limited source domains in a static model. Unfortunately, there is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Zhishu Sun , Zhifeng Shen , Luojun Lin , Yuanlong Yu , Zhifeng Yang , Shicai Yang , Weijie Chen

Domain adaptation seeks to leverage the abundant label information in a source domain to improve classification performance in a target domain with limited labels. While the field has seen extensive methodological development, its…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-31 Elif Vural , Huseyin Karaca

Machine learning is driven by data, yet while their availability is constantly increasing, training data require laborious, time consuming and error-prone labelling or ground truth acquisition, which in some cases is very difficult or even…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Vasileios Gkitsas , Antonis Karakottas , Nikolaos Zioulis , Dimitrios Zarpalas , Petros Daras

Domain adaption (DA) allows machine learning methods trained on data sampled from one distribution to be applied to data sampled from another. It is thus of great practical importance to the application of such methods. Despite the fact…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-20 Hao Lu , Lei Zhang , Zhiguo Cao , Wei Wei , Ke Xian , Chunhua Shen , Anton van den Hengel

Normalization is a vital process for any machine learning task as it controls the properties of data and affects model performance at large. The impact of particular forms of normalization, however, has so far been investigated in limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Chintan Trivedi , Konstantinos Makantasis , Antonios Liapis , Georgios N. Yannakakis

Deep learning models perform best when tested on target (test) data domains whose distribution is similar to the set of source (train) domains. However, model generalization can be hindered when there is significant difference in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-19 Pulkit Khandelwal , Paul Yushkevich

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have revolutionized artificial intelligence but often lack performance when faced with out-of-distribution (OOD) data, a common scenario due to the inevitable domain shifts in real-world applications. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Arsham Gholamzadeh Khoee , Yinan Yu , Robert Feldt

A classifier trained on a dataset seldom works on other datasets obtained under different conditions due to domain shift. This problem is commonly addressed by domain adaptation methods. In this work we introduce a novel deep learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Subhankar Roy , Aliaksandr Siarohin , Enver Sangineto , Samuel Rota Bulo , Nicu Sebe , Elisa Ricci

In real-life applications, machine learning models often face scenarios where there is a change in data distribution between training and test domains. When the aim is to make predictions on distributions different from those seen at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Lucas Mansilla , Rodrigo Echeveste , Diego H. Milone , Enzo Ferrante