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Android apps are built on APIs that abstract core Android system functionalities. These APIs are officially documented in multiple files distributed with the Android source code or SDK, which we collectively refer to as Android API Lists…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Sinan Wang , Qi Zhang , Jiacheng Li , Lili Wei , Yida Tao , Yepang Liu

Developers rely on third-party library Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) when developing software. However, libraries typically come with assumptions and API usage constraints, whose violation results in API misuse. API misuses may…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Akalanka Galappaththi , Sarah Nadi , Christoph Treude

Mobile apps are predominantly integrated with cloud services to benefit from enhanced functionalities. Adopting authentication using secrets such as API keys is crucial to ensure secure mobile-cloud interactions. However, developers often…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Kevin Li , Lin Ling , Jinqiu Yang , Lili Wei

With the rapid growth of mobile apps, users' concerns about their privacy have become increasingly prominent. Android app logs serve as crucial computer resources, aiding developers in debugging and monitoring the status of Android apps,…

On mobile phones, users and developers use apps official marketplaces serving as repositories of apps. The Google Play Store and Apple Store are the official marketplaces of Android and Apple products which offer more than a million apps.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Rubén Saborido , Foutse Khomh , Abram Hindle , Enrique Alba

Due to Android's open source feature and low barriers to entry for developers, millions of developers and third-party organizations have been attracted into the Android ecosystem. However, over 90 percent of mobile malware are found…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Bin Zhao

The privacy of personal information has received significant attention in mobile software. Although previous researchers have designed some methods to identify the conflict between app behavior and privacy policies, little is known about…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Kaifa Zhao , Xian Zhan , Le Yu , Shiyao Zhou , Hao Zhou , Xiapu Luo , Haoyu Wang , Yepang Liu

Context:The extent of post-release use of software affects the number of faults, thus biasing quality metrics and adversely affecting associated decisions. The proprietary nature of usage data limited deeper exploration of this subject in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Tapajit Dey , Audris Mockus

Contemporary mobile applications (apps) are designed to track, use, and share users' data, often without their consent, which results in potential privacy and transparency issues. To investigate whether mobile apps have always been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Saad Sajid Hashmi , Nazar Waheed , Gioacchino Tangari , Muhammad Ikram , Stephen Smith

Android's open-source nature facilitates widespread smartphone accessibility, particularly in price-sensitive markets. System and vendor applications that come pre-installed on budget Android devices frequently operate with elevated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Alioune Diallo , Anta Diop , Abdoul Kader Kabore , Jordan Samhi , Aleksandr Pilgun , Tegawendé F. Bissyande , Jacque Klein

Android applications are executed on smartphones equipped with a variety of resources that must be properly accessed and controlled, otherwise the correctness of the executions and the stability of the entire environment might be negatively…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Oliviero Riganelli , Daniela Micucci , Leonardo Mariani

With over 500,000 commits and more than 700 contributors, the Android platform is undoubtedly one of the largest industrial-scale software projects. This project provides the Android API, and developers heavily rely on this API to develop…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Pei Liu , Li Li , Yichun Yan , Mattia Fazzini , John Grundy

Android, the #1 mobile app framework, enforces the single-GUI-thread model, in which a single UI thread manages GUI rendering and event dispatching. Due to this model, it is vital to avoid blocking the UI thread for responsiveness. One…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-08-10 Lingling Fan , Ting Su , Sen Chen , Guozhu Meng , Yang Liu , Lihua Xu , Geguang Pu

Android applications (apps) grow dramatically in recent years. Apps are user interface (UI) centric typically. Rapid UI responsiveness is key consideration to app developers. However, we still lack a handy tool for profiling app performance…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-12-29 Yu Kang , Yangfan Zhou , Hui Xu , Michael R. Lyu

Accurate detection of third-party libraries (TPLs) is fundamental to Android security, supporting vulnerability tracking, malware detection, and supply chain auditing. Despite many proposed tools, their real-world effectiveness remains…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Jintao Gu , Haolang Lu , Guoshun Nan , Yihan Lin , Kun Wang , Yuchun Guo , Yigui Cao , Yang Liu

Increasing interest in securing the Android ecosystem has spawned numerous efforts to assist app developers in building secure apps. These efforts have resulted in tools and techniques capable of detecting vulnerabilities (and malicious…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-06 Venkatesh-Prasad Ranganath , Joydeep Mitra

Fragmentation is a serious problem in the Android ecosystem. This problem is mainly caused by the fast evolution of the system itself and the various customizations independently maintained by different smartphone manufacturers. Many…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Pei Liu , Yanjie Zhao , Haipeng Cai , Mattia Fazzini , John Grundy , Li Li

A common security architecture, called the permission-based security model (used e.g. in Android and Blackberry), entails intrinsic risks. For instance, applications can be granted more permissions than they actually need, what we call a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-03-21 Alexandre Bartel , Jacques Klein , Martin Monperrus , Yves Le Traon

Android apps can hold secret strings of themselves such as cloud service credentials or encryption keys. Leakage of such secret strings can induce unprecedented consequences like monetary losses or leakage of user private information. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Lili Wei , Heqing Huang , Shing-Chi Cheung , Kevin Li

Resource leaks -- a program does not release resources it previously acquired -- are a common kind of bug in Android applications. Even with the help of existing techniques to automatically detect leaks, writing a leak-free program remains…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Bhargav Nagaraja Bhatt , Carlo A. Furia