Related papers: Reciprocity of thermal diffusion in time-modulated…

Reciprocity is a fundamental symmetry property observed across many physical domains, including acoustics, elasticity, electromagnetics, and thermodynamics. In systems and control theory, it provides key insights into the internal structure…

We present several numerical results on granular mixtures. In particular, we examine the efficiency of diffusion as a mixing mechanism in these systems. The collisions are inelastic and to compensate the energy loss, we thermalize the…

Acoustic non-reciprocity has been shown to enable a plethora of effects analogous to phenomena seen in quantum physics and electromagnetics, such as immunity from back-scattering and unidirectional band gaps, which could lead to the design…

We study the backward scatterings of plane waves by reciprocal scatterers and reveal that $n$-fold ($n\geq3$) rotation symmetry is sufficient to secure invariant backscattering for arbitrarily-polarized incident plane waves. It is further…

Laminated media with material properties modulated in space and time in the form of travelling waves have long been known to exhibit non-reciprocity. However, when using the method of low frequency homogenisation, it was so far only…

Acoustic and elastic metamaterials with time- and space-dependent material properties have received great attention recently as a means to break reciprocity for propagating mechanical waves, achieving greater directional control. One…

The response of thermodynamic systems perturbed out of an equilibrium steady-state is described by the reciprocal and the fluctuation-dissipation relations. The so-called fluctuation theorems extended the study of fluctuations far beyond…

Heat transfer and dissipation exists in almost any physical, chemical or biological systems. Cells, as the basic unit of life, undergo continuous heat transfer and dissipation during their metabolism. The heat transfer and dissipation…

In recent times the possibility of non-reciprocity in heat transfer between two bodies has been extensively studied. In particular the role of strong magnetic fields has been investigated. A much simpler approach with considerable…

The concepts of weighted reciprocal of temperature and weighted thermal flux are proposed for a heat engine operating between two heat baths and outputting mechanical work. With the aid of these two concepts, the generalized thermodynamic…

It is well known that magnetic fields constrain motions of charged particles, impeding the diffusion of charged particles perpendicular to magnetic field direction. This modification of transport processes is of vital importance for a wide…

We provide a simple physical proof of the reciprocity theorem of classical electrodynamics in the general case of material media that contain linearly polarizable as well as linearly magnetizable substances. The excitation source is taken…

This tutorial provides an intuitive and concrete description of the phenomena of electromagnetic nonreciprocity that will be useful for readers with engineering or physics backgrounds. The notion of time reversal and its different…

We demonstrate the existence of a shuttling effect for the radiative heat flux exchanged between two bodies separated by a vacuum gap when the chemical potential of photons or the temperature difference is modulated. We show that this…

Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation imposes a constraint on photon-based energy harvesting processes since part of the incident energy flux is inevitably emitted back to the source. By breaking the reciprocity of the system, it is possible…

While reversibility is a fundamental concept in thermodynamics, most reactions are not readily reversible, especially in solid state physics. For example, thermal diffusion is a widely known concept, used among others to inject dopant atoms…

Time-varying photonic systems open new possibilities for controlling light, enabling photonic time crystals, time reflection and refraction, frequency conversion, synthetic gauge fields, optical nonreciprocity, among others. These effects…

Adaptive optics (AO) systems rely on the principle of reciprocity, or symmetry with respect to the interchange of point sources and receivers. These systems use the light received from a low power emitter on or near a target to compensate…

Dynamic reciprocity imposes stringent performance constraints on nonlinear optical devices such as isolators and circulators. The seminal result by Shi et al. establishes that nonlinear optical devices relying on the intensity-dependent…

If a system is at thermodynamic equilibrium, an observer cannot tell whether a film of it is being played forward or in reverse: any transition will occur with the same frequency in the forward as in the reverse direction. However, if…