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The advent of non-volatile memory (NVM) technologies like PCM, STT, memristors and Fe-RAM is believed to enhance the system performance by getting rid of the traditional memory hierarchy by reducing the gap between memory and storage. This…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-12-15 Ajay Singh , Marc Shapiro , Gael Thomas

Multi-socket machines with 1-100 TBs of physical memory are becoming prevalent. Applications running on multi-socket machines suffer non-uniform bandwidth and latency when accessing physical memory. Decades of research have focused on data…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Reto Achermann , Ashish Panwar , Abhishek Bhattacharjee , Timothy Roscoe , Jayneel Gandhi

The emerging hybrid DRAM-NVM architecture is challenging the existing memory management mechanism in operating system. In this paper, we introduce memos, which can schedule memory resources over the entire memory hierarchy including cache,…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2017-03-23 Lei Liu , Mengyao Xie , Hao Yang

Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) can deliver higher density and lower cost per bit when compared with DRAM. Its main drawback is that it is slower than DRAM. On the other hand, DRAM has scalability problems due to its cost and energy consumption.…

Performance · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Diego Moura , Vinicius Petrucci , Daniel Mosse

Persistent or Non Volatile Memory (PMEM or NVM) has recently become commercially available under several configurations with different purposes and goals. Despite the attention to the topic, we are not aware of a comprehensive empirical…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Dimitrios Koutsoukos , Raghav Bhartia , Ana Klimovic , Gustavo Alonso

In this work we study the overheads of virtual-to-physical address translation in processor architectures, like x86-64, that implement paged virtual memory using a radix tree which are walked in hardware. Translation Lookaside Buffers are…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-02-05 Adarsh Patil

This paper explores the implications of employing non-volatile memory (NVM) as primary storage for a data base management system (DBMS). We investigate the modifications necessary to be applied on top of a traditional relational DBMS to…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Naveed Ul Mustafa , Adri`a Armejach , Ozcan Ozturk , Adrian Cristal , Osman S. Unsal

The emergence of high-density byte-addressable non-volatile memory (NVM) is promising to accelerate data- and compute-intensive applications. Current NVM technologies have lower performance than DRAM and, thus, are often paired with DRAM in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-17 Ivy Peng , Kai Wu , Jie Ren , Dong Li , Maya Gokhale

Many high end and next generation computing systems to incorporated alternative memory technologies to meet performance goals. Since these technologies present distinct advantages and tradeoffs compared to conventional DDR* SDRAM, such as…

Performance · Computer Science 2021-10-06 M. Ben Olson , Brandon Kammerdiener , Kshitij A. Doshi , Terry Jones , Michael R. Jantz

In recent years, memory wall has been a great performance bottleneck of computer system. To overcome it, Non-Volatile Main Memory (NVMM) technology has been discussed widely to provide a much larger main memory capacity. Last year, Intel…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Tianyue Lu , Haiyang Pan , Mingyu Chen

Tiered memory architectures have gained significant traction in the database community in recent years. In these architectures, the on-chip DRAM of the host processor is typically referred to as local memory, and forms the primary tier.…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Yeasir Rayhan , Walid G. Aref

Software-controlled heterogeneous memory systems have the potential to improve performance, efficiency, and cost tradeoffs in emerging systems. Delivering on this promise requires an efficient operating system (OS) mechanisms and policies…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2020-04-13 Sudarsun Kannan , Yujie Ren , Abhishek Bhatacharjee

Finding the best way to leverage non-volatile memory (NVM) on modern database systems is still an open problem. The answer is far from trivial since the clear boundary between memory and storage present in most systems seems to be…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Lucas Lersch , Wolfgang Lehner , Ismail Oukid

Tiered memory systems consisting of fast small memory and slow large memory have emerged to provide high capacity memory in a cost-effective way. The effectiveness of tiered memory systems relies on how many memory accesses can be absorbed…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Hyungjun Cho , Igjae Kim , Kwanghoon Choi , Hongjin Kim , Wonjae Lee , Junhyeok Im , Jinin So , Jaehyuk Huh

Non-volatile memory (NVM) is a class of promising scalable memory technologies that can potentially offer higher capacity than DRAM at the same cost point. Unfortunately, the access latency and energy of NVM is often higher than those of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-05-01 HanBin Yoon , Justin Meza , Rachata Ausavarungnirun , Rachael A. Harding , Onur Mutlu

Persistent Memory (PMEM), also known as Non-Volatile Memory (NVM), can deliver higher density and lower cost per bit when compared with DRAM. Its main drawback is that it is typically slower than DRAM. On the other hand, DRAM has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Diego Moura , Vinicius Petrucci , Daniel Mosse

Modern NVMM is closing the gap between DRAM and persistent storage, both in terms of performance and features. Having both byte addressability and persistence on the same device gives NVMM an unprecedented set of features, leading to the…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Rémi Dulong , Quentin Acher , Baptiste Lepers , Valerio Schiavoni , Pascal Felber , Gaël Thomas

The current mobile applications have rapidly growing memory footprints, posing a great challenge for memory system design. Insufficient DRAM main memory will incur frequent data swaps between memory and storage, a process that hurts…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Fei Wen , Mian Qin , Paul Gratz , Narasimha Reddy

With the emergence of Non-Volatile Memories (NVMs) and their shortcomings such as limited endurance and high power consumption in write requests, several studies have suggested hybrid memory architecture employing both Dynamic Random Access…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Reza Salkhordeh , Hossein Asadi

PagedAttention is a popular approach for dynamic memory allocation in LLM serving systems. It enables on-demand allocation of GPU memory to mitigate KV cache fragmentation -- a phenomenon that crippled the batch size (and consequently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Ramya Prabhu , Ajay Nayak , Jayashree Mohan , Ramachandran Ramjee , Ashish Panwar